Table 2 New urbanization evaluation index system.

New urbanization

Population urbanization

Proportion of urban population (+)

%

^{44, 45}

Urban population density (+)

Persons/km²

Registered urban unemployment rate (−)

%

Economic urbanization

Per capita GDP (+)

RMB

^{46, 47}

Per capita urban disposable income (+)

RMB

Social urbanization

Enrolment in higher education per 100,000 population (+)

Person

^{48, 49}

Number of beds in health facilities per 10,000 population (+)

Bed

Public transportation vehicles per 10,000 population (+)

Vehicle

Environmental urbanization

Non-hazardous domestic waste disposal rate (+)

%

⁵⁰

Area of green space per capita (+)

m²/person

Greening coverage of built-up areas (+)

%

Spatial urbanization

Built-up area as a proportion of urban area (+)

%

⁴⁴

Urban road area per capita (+)

m²/person