Table 1 Overview of intervention and control group instructions, showing the respiratory rate per minute, length of each round and the average retention duration in seconds.

From: Effects of brief remote high ventilation breathwork with retention on mental health and wellbeing: a randomised placebo-controlled trial

 

Round 1

Round 2

Round 3

Round 4

Breathing

Retention

Breathing

Retention

Breathing

Retention

Breathing

Retention

Intervention

Starts at 15 b/min increasing to 30 b/min (total: ~ 90 s)

~ 45 s

Starts at 15 b/min increasing to 30 b/min, & then 60 b/min (~ 120 s)

~ 60 s

Starts at 15 b/min increasing to 30 b/min, & then 60 b/min (~ 150 s)

~ 75 s

Starts at 30 b/min increasing to 60 b/min (~ 150 s)

~ 90 s

Control

15 b/min (total: ~ 125 s)

~ 10 s

15 b/min (~ 165 s)

~ 15 s

15 b/min (~ 205 s)

~ 20 s

15 b/min (~ 215 s)

~ 25 s

  1. In both groups every retention was performed after taking a big inhale before exhaling and holding ‘on empty’. After each retention participants were then instructed to take a deep breath in and hold for ~ 10secs before releasing.