Table 3 Effect of C–H NF on antioxidants and defense enzymes, ROS, chlorophyll and nitrogen content of tomato in pot plant.

From: Synthesis and characterization of novel histidine functionalized chitosan nanoformulations and its bioactivity in tomato plant

Treatments (%)

SOD

(µmol/min/g)

POD

(µmol/min/g)

CAT

(mmol/min/g)

PPO

(µmol/min/g)

H2O2

(µmol/g)

O2-

(µmol/g)

Chlorophyll

(mg/g)

Nitrogen

(%)

Control (Water)

0.07 ± 0.00i

0.27 ± 0.01 h

0.4 ± 0.07j

1.2 ± 0.01i

197.8 ± 5.0a

67.0 ± 1.01a

1.5 ± 0.05i

1.40 ± 0.02 h

BCH (0.01)

0.10 ± 0.00 h

0.32 ± 0.02 g

1.1 ± 0.05i

1.4 ± 0.03 h

190.3 ± 8.0b

62.9 ± 3.05b

1.9 ± 0.07 h

1.70 ± 0.04ef

Histidine (0.01)

0.19 ± 0.01 g

0.46 ± 0.03f.

2.4 ± 0.06 h

1.5 ± 0.02 g

182.7 ± 4.0c

58.7 ± 2.04c

2.1 ± 0.06 g

2.30 ± 0.05a

C-H NF

  0.01

0.22 ± 0.01f.

0.63 ± 0.01e

2.6 ± 0.05 g

1.6 ± 0.03f.

176.8 ± 6.0d

54.2 ± 4.03d

2.4 ± 0.06f.

1.74 ± 0.03e

  0.03

0.24 ± 0.00e

0.63 ± 0.04e

2.7 ± 0.08f.

1.7 ± 0.05d

171.6 ± 2.7e

48.5 ± 2.75e

2.4 ± 0.09e

1.84 ± 0.02c

  0.06

0.28 ± 0.00c

0.66 ± 0.02d

3.2 ± 0.09d

1.6 ± 0.03f.

163.9 ± 4.0f.

43.4 ± 1.53f.

2.8 ± 0.05d

2.02 ± 0.06b

  0.09

0.30 ± 0.01b

0.63 ± 0.03e

3.0 ± 0.07e

2.0 ± 0.04b

162.8 ± 7.0f.

36.7 ± 3.09 g

2.9 ± 0.09c

1.74 ± 0.04e

  0.12

0.26 ± 0.01d

0.85 ± 0.02b

3.3 ± 0.09c

2.1 ± 0.03a

154.9 ± 2.4 g

30.1 ± 2.43 h

3.1 ± 0.07b

1.79 ± 0.05 cd

  0.15

0.32 ± 0.00a

0.86 ± 0.04a

3.6 ± 0.09a

2.0 ± 0.02bc

145.3 ± 4.0 h

26.2 ± 3.37i

3.3 ± 0.04a

1.62 ± 0.03 g

  0.18

0.28 ± 0.00c

0.77 ± 0.01c

3.4 ± 0.08b

1.7 ± 0.01e

165.2 ± 5.0f.

36.1 ± 1.64 g

2.4 ± 0.09f.

1.62 ± 0.03 g

  1. Effect of C–H NF on antioxidants and defense enzymes, ROS, chlorophyll and nitrogen content were measured at 3rd day of second foliar application in tomato pot plants under shade net condition. Each value is mean of triplicates and each replicate consisted of 3 plants. Error bars represent mean ± SE (standard error) with the same letter statistically insignificant (p = 0.05) as determined by Tukey–Kramer HSD. Water (control), BCH (bulk chitosan, 0.01% dissolved in 0.1% acetic acid).