Table 1 Baseline characteristics of total cohort and classified by myosteatosis in patients with ACLF.

Age (years)^a

47 ± 10

50 ± 10

42 ± 9

 < 0.001

Males, n (%)^c

362 (84.0)

198 (75.9)

164 (96.5)

 < 0.001

Aetiology

 < 0.001

HBV

234 (54.3)

121 (46.4)

113 (66.5)

Alcohol

109 (25.3)

85 (32.6)

24 (14.1)

HBV + Alcohol

40 (9.3)

18 (6.9)

22 (12.9)

Other

48 (11.1)

37 (14.2)

11 (6.5)

Liver cirrhosis, n (%)^c

335 (77.7)

214 (82.0)

121 (71.2)

0.008

Ascites, n (%)^c

342 (79.4)

231 (88.5)

111 (65.3)

 < 0.001

HE, n (%)^c

105 (24.4)

73 (28.0)

32 (18.8)

0.031

AKI, n (%)^c

71 (16.5)

55 (21.1)

16 (9.4)

0.001

Infection, n (%)^c

338 (78.4)

214 (82.0)

124 (72.9)

0.026

Diabetes

71 (16.5)

42 (16.1)

29 (17.1)

0.791

MELD-Na score^b

25.0 (9.6)

26.1 (11.8)

23.9 (7.9)

0.001

AARC score^b

9 (2)

9 (3)

9 (2)

0.121

Number of OFs n (%)

0.148

0

60 (13.9)

30 (11.5)

30 (17.6)

1

224 (52.0)

136 (52.1)

88 (51.8)

 ≥ 2

147 (34.1)

95 (36.4)

52 (30.6)

BMI (kg/m²)^b

23.0 (4.8)

22.3 (4.2)

24.8 (5.1)

 < 0.001

Overweight, n (%)^c

128 (29.7)

49 (18.8)

79 (46.5)

 < 0.001

L3-SMI (cm²/m²)^a

46.5 ± 9.2

43.2 ± 8.4

51.6 ± 7.9

 < 0.001

Males

48.1 ± 8.8

45.1 ± 8.6

51.8 ± 7.5

 < 0.001

Females

38.0 ± 5.9

37.7 ± 5.9

40.6 ± 6.3

0.258

L3-VATI (cm²)^b

37.5 (35.7)

36.8 (34.1)

38.0 (36.8)

0.884

L3-SATI (cm²)^b

41.4 (31.7)

39.6 (29.6)

44.1 (33.1)

0.317

VSR^b

0.84 (0.67)

0.87 (0.73)

0.74 (0.60)

0.078

SM-RA^b

37.0 (9.9)

32.6 (8.2)

42.6 (4.8)

 < 0.001

Sarcopenia, n (%)^c

87 (20.2)

73 (28.0)

14 (8.2)

 < 0.001

Sarcopenic obesity, n (%)^c

40 (9.3)

34 (13.0)

6 (3.5)

0.001

Visceral adiposity, n (%)^c

236 (54.8)

137 (52.5)

99 (58.2)

0.242