Figure 6 | Scientific Reports

Figure 6

From: Bone microstructural characteristics or positional changes of condyle head affect short-term condyle head resorption after orthognathic surgery

Figure 6

Change in the sagittal angle of the mandibula ramus and the long-axis angle of the condylar head and changes in the three-dimensional position of the coronoid process-mandibular notch. In cases of preoperative abnormal condylar morphology, there was a significant difference (p < 0.05) with a mean sagittal angle of 3.85° ± 0.84° in Group AN and 0.56° ± 1.11° in Group AW. (Fig. 6A, B). Group NN and Group NW did not differ significantly and were similar to Group AN. In patients with preoperative abnormal condylar morphology, Group AN presented with almost no change in the angle. Meanwhile, Group AW had an increase in angle, with an average of 1.46° ± 1.79° (Fig. 6C, D). In patients without preoperative abnormalities in condylar morphology, Group NN had an average angular increase of 0.85° ± 1.63°, and Group NW had an average increase of 0.43° ± 2.78°. In cases involving preoperative abnormalities of the condyle morphology, no significant differences were found in pitching between Group AN and Group AW (Fig. 6E). The average angles during yawning were −2.81° ± 0.82° for Group AN and 1.16° ± 1.28° for Group AW, with the former having a negative rotation and the latter a positive rotation (p < 0.05) (Fig. 6F). In rolling, the average angles were −2.24° ± 1.24° for Group AN and 3.49° ± 2.35° for Group AW, with the former having a negative rotation and the latter having a positive rotation. Hence, the results significantly differed (p < 0.05) (Fig. 6G). Based on these results, Group AN and Group AW presented with inward and outward displacement around the X-axis, respectively. Further, Group AN and Group AW presented with inward and outward displacement around the Z-axis, respectively. In cases without preoperative condylar morphological abnormalities, a significant difference was found in pitching, with an average of 2.68° ± 0.77° in Group NN and 6.73° ± 0.94° in Group NW (p < 0.05) (Fig. 6H). Based on these results, Group NW had a greater counterclockwise rotation of the proximal segment than Group NN. In yawing and rolling, no significant differences were found between Group NN and Group NW (Fig. 6I, J).

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