Table 1 Path comparison of the three algorithms.

From: Gradient-based autonomous obstacle avoidance trajectory planning for B-spline UAVs

Algorithms

Lengths (m)

Time (s)

Nodes used

A*

34.705

20.15

1540

JPS

33.529

19.29

3126

Bezier curve

31.572

20.52

1728

Proposed

30.956

20.32

236