Table 2 Installed projects required for enhancing the usage of EVs.

From: A hierarchical optimization approach to maximize hosting capacity for electric vehicles and renewable energy sources through demand response and transmission expansion planning

Garver system

Case study

Added circuits

Added FCLs (p.u)

Added SVCs (MVAR)

Curve#1

Curve#2

Curve#3

Curve#1

Curve#2

Curve#3

Without DR (FCL)

1-5(1),2-3(2), 3-5 (1), 2-6(2), 4-6(1)

0

0

0

328.7

328.7

328.7

With DR

1-5(1)*, 2-3(2), 2-6(1)*, 4-6(1)

0

0

0

262.41

148.1

196.2

IEEE 24-bus system

Case study

Added circuits

Added FCLs (p.u)

Added SVCs (MVAR)

Curve#1

Curve#2

Curve#3

Curve#1

Curve#2

Curve#3

Without DR

1-2(1), 7-2 (1), 7-8(1)

0

0

0

747.54

747.54

747.54

Without DR (FCL)

2.93 + i0.48

2.93 + i0.48

2.93 + i0.48

747.54

747.54

747.54

With DR

0

0

0

655.47

390.15

526.4

  1. *Indicates new circuits added for Load curve#1 only.
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