Table 7 Significant testing for the SER values of the most fair knee segmentation models for different protected attributes compared to baseline performance.
From: Fair AI-powered orthopedic image segmentation: addressing bias and promoting equitable healthcare
U-Net backbone | Protected attribute | SER metric | Best model | p-value | Reject |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
ResNet18 | Race | Dice | Stratified | 0.055 | No |
Sex | Dice | Stratified | 0.707 | No | |
EfficientNet-B0 | Race | Dice | Stratified | 0.523 | No |
Sex | IoU | Group | 0.038 | Yes | |
Age | Dice | Stratified | 0.367 | No |
