Table 7 Thermodynamic parameters (entropy, enthalpy as well as Gibbs free energy) corresponding to the adsorption process of PO43− onto BC at different temperatures; BC loading: 2 g/L, shaking speed: 150 rpm; and pH: 8.5.

From: Adsorptive removal of phosphate from water with biochar from acacia tree modified with iron and magnesium oxides

Temperature (°C)

\(\Delta S^{^\circ }\)(kJ/mol)

\(\Delta H^{^\circ }\)(kJ/mol)

\(\Delta G^{^\circ }\)(kJ/mol)

25

0.287

82.5

− 3.17

35

− 6.05

45

− 8.92

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