Table 3 Regression analyses results for sNfL concentrations during the acute and late subacute phases.

From: Circulating levels of neurofilament light chain as a biomarker of infarct and white matter hyperintensity volumes after ischemic stroke

 

Model 1

Model 2

Model 3

Model 4

Predicted sNfL, per pg/ml

1.1 (0.9 to 1.2) ***

1.0 (0.8 to 1.1)***

1.0 (0.8 to 1.1)***

1.0 (0.8 to 1.1)***

Age, per year

0.5 (− 1.8 to 2.8)

N.I

N.I

N.I

Male sex

− 45.0 (− 89.8 to − 0.1)*

− 48.8 (− 94.5 to − 3.2)*

− 48.3 (− 93.1 to − 3.4)*

− 42.0 (− 87.2 to 3.2)

Hypertension

16.5 (− 29.5 to 62.5)

N.I

N.I

N.I

Hyperlipidemia

26.7 (− 23.9 to 77.3)

N.I

N.I

N.I

Diabetes mellitus

14.8 (− 44.7 to 74.0)

N.I

N.I

N.I

Smoking

− 3.2 (− 47.4 to 41.1)

N.I

N.I

N.I

Etiologic subtype

 CE

0 (reference)

0 (reference)

0 (reference)

 

 LVD

6.5 (− 78.1 to 91.3)

18.1 (− 65.9 to 102.4)

21.3 (− 62.2 to 105.0)

N.I

 CAD

− 17.8 (− 112.6 to 77.2)

− 0.1 (− 98.9 to 99.0)

− 29.4 (− 124.1 to 65.6)

N.I

 SAO

− 115.5 (− 197.9 to − 33.0)**

− 94.5 (− 182.9 to − 5.9)*

− 65.5 (− 153.7 to 22.9)

N.I

 Other determined

− 96.7 (− 216.0 to 23.1)

− 91.9 (− 213.9 to 30.7)

− 86.8 (− 207.9 to 34.8)

N.I

 Cryptogenic

− 72.0 (− 144.5 to 0.4)

− 72.4 (− 145.5 to 1.0)

− 65.0 (− 138.4 to 8.6)

N.I

 Undetermined

− 81.6 (− 178.3 to 15.2)

− 56.2 (− 154.6 to 42.3)

− 52.7 (− 151.0 to 45.6)

N.I

WMH vol., per cm3

2.7 (− 0.8 to 6.2)

N.I

N.I

N.I

Infarct location

    

 Supratent., cortex affected

N.I

0 (reference)

N.I

N.I

 Supratent., non-cortical

N.I

− 24.8 (− 86.2 to 36.5)

N.I

N.I

 Infratentorial

N.I

− 68.0 (− 138.7 to 2.5)

N.I

N.I

 Supra- and infratentorial

N.I

− 8.8 (− 90.8 to 73.2)

N.I

N.I

 No visible infarct

N.I

− 88.6 (− 174.5 to − 2.8)*

N.I

N.I

Small infarct (< 2.5 cm3)

N.I

N.I

− 71.3 (− 123.9 to − 18.9)**

− 93.0 (− 140.8 to − 45.3)***

R2 for model

0.57

0.56

0.56

0.56

R2 for fixed effects

0.42

0.41

0.41

0.39

  1. Mixed effects models with patient ID as random factor. Values are changes in sNfL [pg/ml] associated with various characteristics, and with unit increases in continuous variables (i.e. β-coefficients). Within parentheses are 95% confidence intervals. Predicted sNfL concentration was determined from infarct volume and time since the index stroke, in accordance with Eq. 2 described in the present paper. CAD, cervical artery dissection; CE = cardioembolism; LAA = large artery atherosclerosis; NfL = neurofilament light chain protein; N.I. = not included in model; SAO = small artery occlusion; sNfL = serum NfL; WMH = white matter hyperintensity. *P < 0.05; **P < 0.01; ***P < 0.001.
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