Table 4 Several isothermal model equations for the investigation of vildagliptin adsorption utilizing ZnO NPs.

From: Fabrication of novel vildagliptin loaded ZnO nanoparticles for anti diabetic activity

No

Equation

Parameter limits

01

Vildagliptin adsorbed amount

qe = (C0 − Ce)V/M

qe: The adsorbed content of Vildagliptin (mg/g)

C0: Initial contents of Vildagliptin (mg/L)

Ce: Equilibrium content of Vildagliptin (mg/L)

V: Volume of the Vildagliptin (mL)

M: Mass of ZnO NPs (mg)

02

Vilda Adsorption

Percentage

P (%) = (C0 − Ce)/C0 × 100

 

03

Langmuir

Ce/qe = (1/qLKL) + (1/qL)Ce

RL = 1/(1 + KLCmax)

qL: “monolayer adsorption capacity” ZnO NPs (mg/g)

KL: “Langmuir energy of adsorption constant” (L/mg)

RL: sensitive equilibrium parameter or separation factor

Cmax: “Highest initial drug content” in the solution (mg/L)

04

Freundlich

log qe = log KF + intensity (1/n) log Ce

KF: “Freundlich adsorption capacity” ZnO NPs (mg/g)

n: “Freundlich constant” characteristics of the system, indicating the intensity of adsorption