Table 1 OBE-CDIO experimental project teaching steps and content of each stage.

From: Multi-method integrated experimental teaching reform of a programming course based on the OBE-CDIO model under the background of engineering education

Stages (steps)

Teaching content in each stage

Student activities

Teacher activities

Conceive (C)

Project lead-in

Making a request

Demand analysis

Module decomposition and function analysis

Design (D)

Knowledge points

Guidance

Data structure analysis

Algorithm design

Drawing a flowchart

Data processing

Implement (I)

Coding

Coaching, answering questions

Debugging

Project submission

Operate (O)

Project demo

Organize defense and evaluation

Project improvement

Project summary