Figure 2

(a1) Photonic bulk band diagram along \( \Gamma \)-K in in the FBZ, where green and yellow curve lines denote topological edge states of bulk bands, the light area denotes the operation width of one-way edge states, where labeled ‘H±’ denotes applied external bias magnetic field along + z/− z axis. (a2,a3) E_Z profiles of the photonics eigenfrequencies marked by blue and red sharp-triangles in (a1), where black arrow denotes transport direction of edge modes with pseudospin-down. (b–d) |E_Z| distribution of one-way pseudospin quantum Hall edge states at the frequency 12 GHz, red star denotes a line source, the white arrow denotes transport direction of edge states and yellow lines denote PEC boundary condition. In (d), the PEC is inserted in the boundary marked by a white dashed rectangle.