Table 8 Prioritization of ecological factors affecting the downturn of traditional livestock husbandry based on Friedman’s test.

From: Factors affecting the downturn of traditional livestock husbandry in local communities of northwestern rangelands of Iran

Indicator

Mean rank

Rank

Drought (ECO1)

7.96

1

Non-implementation of range management plans and grazing permits (ECO9)

6.07

2

Vulnerability to livestock diseases and insufficient familiarity of the villagers with the achievements of livestock science and animal health (ECO10)

4.68

3

Lack of suitable sources of drinking water for livestock (springs, rivers, etc.) (ECO8)

4.58

4

The low quality of water in the rangelands for livestock (ECO7)

4.57

5

Improper distribution of water bodies in the rangelands for livestock (ECO6)

4.56

6

Destruction of vegetation of rangelands (ECO2)

4.15

7

Decreasing the quality of pasture plant fodder due to excessive grazing and the increase of invasive and non-palatable species (ECO4)

3.68

8

Soil erosion or increased sensitivity of pasture soil to erosion (ECO3)

3.67

9

Flood (ECO5)

2.82

10