Table 1 Baseline characteristics of MRS development and validation cohorts.

From: A methylation risk score for chronic kidney disease: a HyperGEN study

N (%)/Mean (SD)

Development

Validation

HyperGEN*

(N = 608)

GOLDN

(N = 993)

JHS*

(N = 1709)

MESA-AA*

(N = 182)

WHI-AS311

(N = 145)

WHI-BAA23

(N = 2049)

WHI-EMPC

(N = 1172)

Age

48.4 (11.1)

49.4 (15.9)

56.2 (12.3)

60.9 (9.6)

66.3 (7.1)

64.5 (7.1)

62.5 (6.9)

Sex, Male

204 (33.6)

474 (47.7)

637 (37.3)

77 (42.3)

0 (0.0%)

Race, Black

608 (100)

0 (0)

1,709 (100)

181 (100)

51 (35.2)

665 (32.5)

416 (35.5)

Current Smoker

191 (31.4)

81 (8.2)

243 (14.2)

34 (18.7)

25 (17.2)

208 (10.2)

112 (9.6)

BMI

32.4 (8.2)

28.3 (5.5)

32.0 (7.4)

30.6 (5.6)

29.8 (7.3)

29.8 (6.1)

29.8 (5.9)

Diabetes

122 (20.1)

77 (7.8)

394 (23.1)

61 (33.5)

14 (9.7)

210 (10.2)

82 (7.0)

Hypertension

460 (75.7)

256 (25.8)

1,002 (58.6)

105 (57.7)

31 (21.4)

451 (22.0)

181 (15.4)

CKD

37 (6.1)

6 (0.6)

142 (8.3)

15 (8.2)

0 (0)

19 (0.9)

7 (0.6)

Stage G2

173 (28.5)

127 (12.8)

449 (26.3)

56 (30.8)

5 (3.4)

119 (5.8)

60 (5.1)

eGFR

102.4 (29.5)

123.0 (34.8)

92.1 (25.4)

90.9 (25.9)

134.4 (31.1)

136.5 (33.6)

136.7 (30.0)

  1. *Indicates only AAs included. In GOLDN, all participants were EA. In WHI, selected participants were AA, EA, or Hispanic/Latino. CKD indicates individuals with eGFR < 60. Stage G2 indicates individuals with (60 ≤ eGFR < 90).