Table 3 Results of different COX regression models assessing the relationship between PPI and prediabetes.

From: Examination of nonlinear associations between pulse pressure index and incident prediabetes susceptibility: a 5-year retrospective cohort investigation

Characteristic

HR

95% CI

P value

Model 1

 PPI

1.014

(1.011, 1.017)

< 0.001

 Q1

Ref

P for trend < 0.001

 Q2

0.986

(0.948, 1.026)

0.485

 Q3

1.066

(1.025, 1.108)

0.001

 Q4

1.270

(1.223, 1.319)

< 0.001

Model 2

 PPI

1.011

(1.007, 1.015)

< 0.001

 Q1

Ref

P for trend < 0.001

 Q2

1.017

(0.978, 1.058)

0.400

 Q3

1.129

(1.086, 1.174)

< 0.001

 Q4

1.216

(1.171, 1.262)

< 0.001

Model 3

 PPI

1.006

(1.004, 1.008)

< 0.001

 Q1

Ref

P for trend < 0.001

 Q2

0.996

(0.957, 1.036)

0.833

 Q3

1.069

(1.028, 1.112)

0.001

 Q4

1.106

(1.065, 1.149)

< 0.001

  1. Model 1: No covariates are adjusted; Model 2: Age, gender, BMI, smoking status, drinking status, and family history of diabetes were adjusted as covariates; Model 3: Age, gender, BMI, smoking status, drinking status, family history of diabetes, TC, TG, HDL-C, LDL-C, AST, ALT, Scr, BUN and FPG were adjusted as covariates.
  2. BMI body mass index, ALT alanine aminotransferase, AST aspartate aminotransferase, HDL-C high-density lipoprotein cholesterol, LDL-C low-density lipoprotein cholesterol, TC total cholesterol, TG triglycerides, Scr serum creatinine, BUN blood urea nitrogen, FPG fasting plasma glucose, PPI pulse pressure index, HR hazard ratio, CI confidence interval, Ref reference.
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