Figure 5
From: Unified framework for laser-induced transient bubble dynamics within microchannels
(A,B) Representative dynamic bubble size curves illustrating the emergence of instabilities. The zones of the instabilities are highlighted using a shaded rectangular area. The arrows represent if the instabilities occur before or after \(X_\mathrm{max}\). (A) Illustrates the experimental data for different \(d_\mathrm{h}\) with similar oscillation time. The instabilities emerge with increasing \(d_\mathrm{h}\). (B) Illustrates the data for \(d_\mathrm{h} =200\,\upmu\)m with increasing laser energies. The instabilities disappear with increasing \(E_\mathrm{abs}\). (C) Flow stability diagram with the transition line at \(\textit{Wo}=7\)34. The markers represent the experiments and the lines represent the analytical estimate. The numbers correspond to the channel hydraulic diameters (in \(\upmu\)m) with the dashed and solid lines representing the channel lengths L = 25 and 50 mm, respectively. (D) The dimensionless convective timescale against the \(L/d_\mathrm{h}\) aspect ratio. The partition line is a linear relation between the x and y axes with \(45\times 10^{-6}\) as the slope and the origin as the intercept.
