Table 2 Differences in betrayal experience as a function of demographic and trauma-related characteristics.

From: The impact of potentially morally injurious experience of betrayal on PTSD and depression following the October 7th terror attack

Predictor

Categories

PMIE-betrayal experience

F/chi2, significance

No (n = 369)

Yes (n = 324)

Age

 

M = 39.91 SD = 13.79

M = 41.56 SD = 13.86

F = 2.45, NS

SES

 

M = 2.41, SD = 1.16

M = 2.41, SD = 1.16

F = 2.35, NS

Gender

Male

57% (191)

49.7% (144)

Chi2 = 3.65, p < 0.05

Female

43% (174)

50.3% (176)

Marital status

Married

66.4% (243)

63.3% (212)

Chi2 = 0.02, NS

Single/divorced/widowed

33.6% (123)

33.7% (108)

Academic education

No

57.9% (210)

48.7% (154)

Chi2 = 5.64, p < 0.05

Yes

42.1% (153)

52.3% (162)

Immigration status

Born in Israel

87% (321)

11.4% (287)

Chi2 = 0.62, NS

Born abroad

13% (48)

50.3% (37)

Direct exposure

No

53.7% (352)

46.7% (304)

Chi2 = 0.56, NS

Yes

46.3% (14)

53.3% (16)

Harmed loved one (murdered/kidnapped/injured)

No

53.7% (303)

51.2% (369)

Chi2 = 0.27, NS

Yes

46.3% (63)

48.8% (66)