Table 1 The participant's demographic information stratified by the SUA/sCr ratio (n = 15,269).
Range | SUA/sCr ratio | P value | ||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Total | ≤ 4 | (4,5] | (5,6] | (6,7] | (7,8] | > 8 | ||
Female, n (%) | 7739 (50.6) | 447 (47.7) | 1029 (50.3) | 1608 (47.0) | 1658 (50.5) | 1281 (49.4) | 1716 (57.1) | < 0.01 |
Age, mean (SD) | 56.56 (14.74) | 61.80 (15.00) | 60.10 (15.31) | 57.94 (14.69) | 56.09 (14.64) | 54.48 (13.79) | 53.21 (14.04) | < 0.01 |
Non-Hispanic White, n (%) | 6481 (31.2) | 431 (36.6) | 991 (31.0) | 1536 (29.9) | 1461 (29.0) | 988 (30.7) | 1074 (34.3) | < 0.01 |
Education | 0.03 | |||||||
Less than high-school | 2355 (7.7) | 190 (9.8) | 316 (7.5) | 506 (7.6) | 454 (7.0) | 363 (6.7) | 526 (9.1) | |
High-school | 6255 (39.8) | 458 (42.5) | 928 (40.0) | 1442 (39.9) | 1345 (38.8) | 945 (39.1) | 1137 (40.9) | |
College | 6659 (52.4) | 437 (47.7) | 963 (52.5) | 1511 (52.5) | 1498 (54.2) | 1097 (54.2) | 1153 (50.1) | |
PIR | 0.01 | |||||||
< 1.0 | 3071 (13.3) | 223 (15.9) | 452 (13.9) | 656 (12.5) | 657 (13.0) | 469 (11.7) | 614 (14.8) | |
1.0–3.0 | 6976 (39.6) | 524 (43.9) | 1048 (41.6) | 1584 (38.5) | 1456 (38.9) | 1104 (40.6) | 1260 (38.3) | |
> 3.0 | 5222 (47.1) | 338 (40.2) | 707 (44.5) | 1219 (49.0) | 1184 (48.1) | 832 (47.7) | 942 (47.0) | |
Smoker | 0.50 | |||||||
Never smoker | 7772 (50.3) | 551 (54.5) | 1100 (51.8) | 1754 (51.1) | 1651 (49.0) | 1238 (50.1) | 1478 (48.6) | |
Current smoker | 2919 (19.2) | 176 (17.3) | 415 (18.1) | 674 (18.6) | 652 (20.4) | 458 (19.6) | 544 (19.6) | |
Former smoker | 4578 (30.5) | 358 (28.2) | 692 (30.1) | 1031 (30.3) | 994 (30.5) | 709 (30.3) | 794 (31.8) | |
Drinker | < 0.01 | |||||||
Nondrinker | 13,008 (82.1) | 991 (89.1) | 1966 (88.2) | 2981 (83.3) | 2770 (81.2) | 1989 (78.2) | 2311 (78.8) | |
Low-to-moderate drinker | 1371 (10.6) | 70 (8.4) | 156 (7.5) | 310 (10.7) | 319 (10.8) | 253 (12.7) | 263 (11.5) | |
Heavy drinker | 890 (7.3) | 24 (2.6) | 85 (4.3) | 168 (6.0) | 208 (8.0) | 163 (9.1) | 242 (9.8) | |
BMI, kg/m2 | 30.97 (7.22) | 28.46 (6.25) | 28.85 (6.36) | 29.74 (6.48) | 30.79 (7.16) | 32.34 (6.89) | 33.72 (8.10) | < 0.01 |
Total cholesterol, µmol/L | 5.17 (1.12) | 4.96 (1.23) | 4.96 (1.05) | 5.13 (1.09) | 5.21 (1.11) | 5.24 (1.11) | 5.32 (1.16) | < 0.01 |
HDL, µmol/L | 1.35 (0.43) | 1.38 (0.42) | 1.42 (0.44) | 1.37 (0.42) | 1.36 (0.45) | 1.30 (0.41) | 1.30 (0.42) | < 0.01 |
Energy intake, kcal/d | 2051.54 (895.11) | 1931.09 (881.75) | 1967.35 (827.69) | 2073.68 (902.22) | 2059.76 (916.65) | 2098.29 (891.69) | 2071.04 (907.56) | < 0.01 |
Systolic blood pressure | 137.97 (20.58) | 144.18 (21.97) | 141.12 (21.88) | 137.96 (20.53) | 135.91 (19.82) | 135.70 (20.26) | 138.29 (19.71) | < 0.01 |
Diastolic blood pressure | 74.05 (14.00) | 75.85 (15.65) | 74.69 (14.59) | 73.80 (13.80) | 73.27 (14.16) | 73.05 (13.40) | 75.10 (13.46) | < 0.01 |
eGFR, mL/min per 1.73 m2 | 82.90 (26.41) | 98.89 (35.19) | 81.56 (26.96) | 79.67 (23.38) | 81.86 (25.82) | 82.46 (25.26) | 84.43 (26.20) | < 0.01 |
Allopurinol, n (%) | 271 (2.0) | 2 (0.1) | 15 (0.7) | 78 (2.1) | 56 (2.0) | 50 (2.7) | 70 (2.9) | < 0.01 |
ACR | 10.97 [5.89, 35.65] | 10.74 [5.23, 31.52] | 9.46 [5.06, 24.73] | 27.42 [7.11, 95.33] | 9.81 [5.49, 23.89] | 9.62 [5.91, 24.75] | 10.03 [6.06, 23.60] | < 0.01 |
HbA1c, % (mmol/mol) | 6.07 (1.31) | 6.11 (1.66) | 5.89 (1.24) | 5.95 (1.17) | 6.13 (1.27) | 6.11 (1.37) | 6.20 (1.35) | < 0.01 |
Antihypertensives that may alter serum uric acid levels, n (%) | 3110 (18.7) | 212 (17.1) | 443 (18.5) | 664 (17.2) | 661 (18.4) | 504 (19.6) | 626 (20.5) | 0.15 |
Serum albumin, mean (SD) | 4.22 (0.34) | 4.11 (0.40) | 4.19 (0.34) | 4.24 (0.32) | 4.25 (0.34) | 4.23 (0.33) | 4.23 (0.33) | < 0.01 |
Cardiovascular Disease, n (%) | 4462 (29.1) | 589 (53.2) | 647 (30.2) | 998 (30.0) | 862 (25.5) | 579 (25.0) | 787 (27.6) | < 0.01 |
Leisure-time physical activity | < 0.01 | |||||||
Inactive | 8174 (54.1) | 498 (45.6) | 887 (41.9) | 1669 (47.9) | 2037 (61.2) | 1420 (58.8) | 1663 (60.3) | |
Insufficiently active | 5380 (34.3) | 536 (49.7) | 1218 (53.7) | 1503 (43.2) | 769 (23.7) | 601 (25.1) | 753 (26.0) | |
Active | 1715 (11.5) | 51 (4.7) | 102 (4.3) | 287 (9.0) | 491 (15.1) | 384 (16.0) | 400 (13.7) | |
Dietary meat | 80.00 [21.25, 192.40] | 61.00 [15.00, 179.10] | 61.00 [15.13, 179.10] | 76.25 [21.28, 192.40] | 76.01 [21.00, 183.00] | 96.77 [25.00, 201.54] | 112.91 [28.33, 240.00] | < 0.01 |
Dietary fiber | 15.89 (9.75) | 14.91 (9.69) | 15.10 (9.18) | 15.35 (9.34) | 16.10 (9.55) | 16.84 (10.65) | 16.29 (9.95) | < 0.01 |
All-cause mortality, n (%) | 3664 (22.1) | 602 (52.6) | 947 (41.4) | 1125 (31.5) | 623 (18.6) | 263 (9.9) | 104 (2.9) | < 0.01 |
CVD mortality, n (%) | 1084 (6.5) | 196 (18.2) | 282 (12.2) | 318 (8.7) | 178 (5.4) | 84 (3.0) | 26 (0.7) | < 0.01 |
