Figure 4
Typical emission patterns under PHEs in the power and industry sector. (a) Pattern type 1, emissions drastically increased or declined when PHEs began and oscillated along the counterfactual baseline. (b) Pattern type 2, there were minor differences between factual and counterfactual emissions, indicating the insensitivity of regional emissions under PHEs, especially during the pandemic. (c) Pattern type 3, emissions dropped in the beginning and struggled to recover, which failed and stayed at a low level when PHEs ended. (d) Pattern type 4, emissions surpassed the counterfactual level by a considerable amount. The latter two patterns could warn potential long-last impact, such as diminished confidence in economy and industry transition41,42. More details can be found in Supplementary Figs. 2–9 and Supplementary Tables 6, 7.
