Table 1 Resilience indicator evaluation equations.
Indicator | Definition | Starting time (\({N}_{i}\)) | Ending time (\({N}_{j}\)) | Equation |
|---|---|---|---|---|
In-resilience | Resilience from the onset of PHEs until their conclusion | \({N}_{0}-{N}_{1}\) | \({N}_{0}+{N}_{2}\) | \(1/{\int }_{{N}_{0}-{N}_{1}}^{{N}_{0}+{N}_{2}}A\) |
Post-resilience | Resilience after PHEs ended | \({N}_{0}+{N}_{2}\) | \({N}_{2}+{N}_{3}\) | \(1/{\int }_{{N}_{0}+{N}_{2}}^{{N}_{2}+{N}_{3}}A\) |
Throughout-resilience | Resilience covering the entire studied period | \({N}_{0}-{N}_{1}\) | \({N}_{2}+{N}_{3}\) | \(1/{\int }_{{N}_{0}-{N}_{1}}^{{N}_{2}+{N}_{3}}A\) |
Redundancy | The reciprocal of the absolute maximum discrepancy between the actual and counterfactual emissions in the entire studied period | \({N}_{0}-{N}_{1}\) | \({N}_{2}+{N}_{3}\) | \(1/\text{max}\left|{Y\left(0\right)}_{post, tr}- {Y\left(1\right)}_{post, tr}\right|\) |
