Table 4 Single-factor analysis of participant survey data.
OLC Disapprove | OLC Approve | p-Value | t\χ2 | Negative coping | Positive coping | p-Value | t\χ2 | |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Total | 918 | 398 | 688 | 628 | ||||
Child grade (%) | ||||||||
1–3 | 445 (48.5) | 200 ( 50.3) | 0.829 | 0.374 | 337 (49.0) | 308 (49.0) | 1 | 0.001 |
4–6 | 187 (20.4) | 77 ( 19.3) | 138 (20.1) | 126 (20.1) | ||||
7–9 | 286 (31.2) | 121 ( 30.4) | 213 (31.0) | 194 (30.9) | ||||
Parent gender = Female (%) | 598 (65.1) | 257 ( 64.6) | 0.892 | 0.018 | 432 (62.8) | 423 (67.4) | 0.094 | 2.810 |
Parent age (%) | ||||||||
< 30 | 16 ( 1.7) | 5 ( 1.3) | 0.799 | 1.007 | 9 ( 1.3) | 12 ( 1.9) | 0.085 | 6.619 |
> 45 | 101 (11.0) | 41 ( 10.3) | 88 (12.8) | 54 ( 8.6) | ||||
30–37 | 450 (49.0) | 205 ( 51.5) | 334 (48.5) | 321 (51.1) | ||||
38–45 | 351 (38.2) | 147 ( 36.9) | 257 (37.4) | 241 (38.4) | ||||
Parent education (%) | ||||||||
Primary School | 45 ( 4.9) | 33 ( 8.3) | 0.105 | 7.666 | 44 ( 6.4) | 34 ( 5.4) | 0.14 | 6.928 |
Middle School | 285 (31.0) | 106 ( 26.6) | 213 (31.0) | 178 (28.3) | ||||
High School | 230 (25.1) | 103 ( 25.9) | 185 (26.9) | 148 (23.6) | ||||
College | 345 (37.6) | 152 ( 38.2) | 237 (34.4) | 260 (41.4) | ||||
Graduate School | 13 ( 1.4) | 4 ( 1.0) | 9 ( 1.3) | 8 ( 1.3) | ||||
Online class pressure (%) | ||||||||
Very High | 100 (10.9) | 124 ( 31.2) | < 0.001*** | 144.56 | 121 (17.6) | 103 (16.4) | 0.345 | 3.316 |
High | 279 (30.4) | 170 ( 42.7) | 244 (35.5) | 205 (32.6) | ||||
Moderate | 459 (50.0) | 99 ( 24.9) | 285 (41.4) | 273 (43.5) | ||||
No Pressure | 80 ( 8.7) | 5 ( 1.3) | 38 ( 5.5) | 47 ( 7.5) | ||||
Emotional source (%) | ||||||||
Pandemic Impact | 198 (21.6) | 53 ( 13.3) | 0.001*** | 14.77 | 140 (20.3) | 111 (17.7) | 0.235 | 2.893 |
Online Learning | 149 (16.2) | 86 ( 21.6) | 113 (16.4) | 122 (19.4) | ||||
Both | 571 (62.2) | 259 ( 65.1) | 435 (63.2) | 395 (62.9) | ||||
ADHD type (%) | ||||||||
Combined Type | 8 (0.9) | 11 (2.8) | 0.001*** | 17.255 | 17 (2.5) | 2 (0.3) | 0.007** | 12.061 |
Hyperactive Impulsive Type | 7 (0.8) | 8 (2.0) | 10 (1.5) | 5 (0.8) | ||||
Normal | 882 (96.1) | 360 (90.5) | 640 (93.0) | 602 (95.9) | ||||
Inattentive Type | 21 (2.3) | 19 (4.8) | 21 (3.1) | 19 (3.0) | ||||
PSS (mean (SD)) | 102.27 (20.73) | 108.85 (20.65) | < 0.001*** | − 5.298 | 109.37 (20.65) | 98.66 (19.77) | < 0.001 *** | 9.589 |
PHQ-9 (mean (SD)) | 10.45 (2.94) | 11.45 (4.02) | < 0.001*** | − 5.077 | 11.33 (3.94) | 10.11 (2.35) | < 0.001 *** | 6.763 |
GHQ-12 (mean (SD)) | 2.66 (1.69) | 3.41 (2.38) | < 0.001*** | − 6.558 | 3.17 (2.16) | 2.57 (1.64) | < 0.001 *** | 5.607 |
