Table 1 Measurement statistics and features of the survey path.

From: Unveiling spatial variations in atmospheric CO2 sources: a case study of metropolitan area of Naples, Italy

 

CO2 (ppm vol)

δ13C–CO2 (‰ vs VPDB)

δ18O–CO2 (‰ vs VPDB)

Temperature (°C)

Pressure (mbar)

Wind speed (m s−1)

Average

455.6 ± 29.0

 − 10.42 ± 1.27

 − 3.20 ± 1.35

21.8 ± 0.8

1014 ± 1.1

2.2 ± 1.5

Minimum

413.4 ± 1.0

 − 22.95 ± 0.25

 − 14.54 ± 0.25

20.2 ± 0.1

1013 ± 1.0

0.0 ± 1.0

Maximum

1358.9 ± 1.0

 − 6.58 ± 0.25

0.86 ± 0.25

22.4 ± 0.1

1014 ± 1.0

4.9 ± 1.0

  1. The uncertainties of the average values were calculated by the formula \(=\sqrt{{\sigma }^{2}+{\varepsilon }^{2}}\) , where σ represents the standard deviation of the measurements and ε denotes the systematic uncertainty of the instruments. The survey path spanned a total length of 169,639 m, during which a dataset comprising 40,938 records of stable isotopes and airborne CO2 concentrations was collected on May 23, 2023 (start time: 08:56; end time: 19:58) and May 24, 2023 (start time: 09:23; end time: 13:20). All start and end times are reported in local time (UTC + 1).
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