Table 2 After adjusting for age, sex, race, survey time, and education level, the percentage change in the concentration of PFAS as the income poverty ratio increased by 1%.

From: Association between family economic situation and serum PFAS concentration in American adults with hypertension and hyperlipemia

 

PFOA

PFNA

PFDA

PFUnDA

PFHxS

PFOS

Overall

 No Diseases

0.10 (0.04, 0.16)

0.08 (0.01, 0.16)

0.01 (− 0.07, 0.08)

− 0.01 (− 0.08, 0.07)

0.11 (0.03, 0.18)

0.03 (− 0.03, 0.09)

 Hypertension

0.07 (− 0.06, 0.19)

0.08 (− 0.06, 0.21)

0.14 (0.00, 0.29)

0.11 (− 0.03, 0.24)

0.04 (− 0.12, 0.20)

0.07 (− 0.08, 0.23)

 Hyperlipidemia

0.10 (0.04, 0.15)

0.09 (0.02, 0.16)

0.10 (0.03, 0.17)

0.08 (0.01, 0.15)

0.09 (0.02, 0.15)

0.04 (− 0.02, 0.11)

 Comorbidity

0.09 (0.03, 0.15)

0.07 (0.01, 0.14)

0.13 (0.04, 0.21)

0.12 (0.04, 0.19)

0.10 (0.02, 0.18)

0.11 (0.03, 0.19)

Gender

 Male

  No Diseases

0.08 (0.00, 0.16)

0.07 (− 0.04, 0.17)

− 0.01 (− 0.12, 0.09)

− 0.05 (− 0.16, 0.06)

0.11 (0.01, 0.22)

0.02 (− 0.07, 0.11)

  Hypertension

0.10 (− 0.07, 0.28)

0.17 (0.00, 0.34)

0.19 (− 0.01, 0.38)

0.10 (− 0.08, 0.28)

0.01 (− 0.20, 0.22)

0.14 (− 0.07, 0.35)

  Hyperlipidemia

0.06 (− 0.01, 0.13)

0.06 (− 0.03, 0.15)

0.07 (− 0.02, 0.17)

0.07 (− 0.02, 0.16)

0.08 (0.00, 0.17)

0.05 (− 0.03, 0.14)

  Comorbidity

0.16 (0.07, 0.24)

0.13 (0.04, 0.22)

0.17 (0.05, 0.28)

0.16 (0.05, 0.27)

0.18 (0.06, 0.29)

0.21 (0.10, 0.32)

 Female

  No Diseases

0.11 (0.03, 0.20)

0.09 (− 0.01, 0.19)

0.02 (− 0.09, 0.12)

0.03 (− 0.07, 0.13)

0.08 (− 0.03, 0.19)

0.03 (− 0.06, 0.13)

  Hypertension

0.03 (− 0.16, 0.23)

− 0.04 (− 0.26, 0.18)

0.07 (− 0.17, 0.30)

0.11 (− 0.10, 0.32)

0.06 (− 0.18, 0.30)

− 0.05 (− 0.30, 0.19)

  Hyperlipidemia

0.11 (0.03, 0.19)

0.09 (− 0.01, 0.19)

0.13 (0.02, 0.23)

0.09 (− 0.01, 0.19)

0.07 (− 0.03, 0.16)

0.01 (− 0.08, 0.10)

  Comorbidity

0.03 (− 0.06, 0.11)

0.03 (− 0.08, 0.13)

0.09 (− 0.03, 0.20)

0.08 (− 0.03, 0.18)

0.02 (− 0.08, 0.12)

0.02 (− 0.09, 0.13)

Age

 20–59

  No Diseases

0.12 (0.06, 0.18)

0.10 (0.03, 0.18)

0.02 (− 0.06, 0.10)

0.00 (− 0.07, 0.08)

0.10 (0.02, 0.18)

0.06 (− 0.01, 0.13)

  Hypertension

0.05 (− 0.11, 0.21)

0.13 (− 0.05, 0.31)

0.23 (0.03, 0.44)

0.13 (− 0.07, 0.32)

0.06 (− 0.13, 0.26)

0.15 (− 0.06, 0.36)

  Hyperlipidemia

0.10 (0.03, 0.16)

0.09 (0.01, 0.17)

0.10 (0.02, 0.18)

0.07 (0.00, 0.15)

0.10 (0.03, 0.18)

0.08 (0.00, 0.15)

  Comorbidity

0.19 (0.09, 0.29)

0.13 (0.02, 0.24)

0.16 (0.03, 0.29)

0.09 (− 0.03, 0.21)

0.22 (0.10, 0.35)

0.23 (0.10, 0.36)

 60+

  No Diseases

0.07 (− 0.17, 0.30)

0.26 (− 0.01, 0.52)

0.17 (− 0.12, 0.45)

0.07 (− 0.24, 0.37)

0.30 (0.03, 0.57)

0.12 (− 0.10, 0.35)

  Hypertension

0.15 (− 0.04, 0.35)

0.10 (− 0.10, 0.29)

0.11 (− 0.08, 0.31)

0.12 (− 0.06, 0.30)

0.09 (− 0.16, 0.34)

0.08 (− 0.14, 0.30)

  Hyperlipidemia

0.14 (0.04, 0.23)

0.17 (0.04, 0.29)

0.17 (0.02, 0.31)

0.16 (0.02, 0.31)

0.08 (− 0.04, 0.21)

0.04 (− 0.08, 0.16)

  Comorbidity

0.05 (− 0.03, 0.13)

0.05 (− 0.05, 0.14)

0.11 (0.01, 0.21)

0.14 (0.04, 0.24)

0.06 (− 0.04, 0.15)

0.07 (− 0.04, 0.17)

  1. Bold meant statistically significant (P < 0.05). PFOA, perfluorooctanoic acid; PFNA, perfluorononaic acid; PFDA, perfluorodecanoic acid; PFUnDA, perfluoroundecanoic acid; PFHxS, perfluorohexane sulfonic acid; PFOS, perfluorooctane sulfonic acid.
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