Table 4 Exit angle range \(\gamma _j\), depth z range and corresponding relative contribution to the total Ba and Ti PE intensity.

From: Surface polarization profile of ferroelectric thin films probed by X-ray standing waves and photoelectron spectroscopy

j

(\(\gamma _{i,l}\), \(\gamma _{i,h}\)) (\(^\circ\))

\((z_0, z_i)\)\(\left[ (z_i, \infty )\right]\)

\(I_{(z_0,z_i), \gamma _j}^{\textrm{Ba}}\)\(\left[ I_{(z_i, \infty ), \gamma _j}^{\textrm{Ba}}\right]\) (\(\%\))

\(I_{(z_0,z_i), \gamma _j}^{\textrm{Ti}}\)\(\left[ I_{(z_i, \infty ), \gamma _j}^{\textrm{Ti}}\right]\) (\(\%\))

1

(2.4, 13.1)

(\(z_0\), \(z_1\)) [(\(z_1\), \(\infty\))]

66 [34]

73 [27]

2

(13.1, 23.8)

(\(z_0\), \(z_2\)) [(\(z_2\), \(\infty\))]

64 [36]

72 [28]

3

(23.8, 31)

(\(z_0\), \(z_3\)) [(\(z_3\), \(\infty\))]

65 [35]

73 [27]

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