Fig. 3

MAN1C1 is highly expressed in the mesenchymal GBM and enriched in the perinecrotic GBM region. (A,B) MAN1C1 mRNA levels in GBM subtypes from the (A) TCGA and (B) CGGA dataset (CL Classical, ME Mesenchymal, PN Proneural); (C) Correlation of MAN1C1 expression with CL, MES, and PN markers in the TCGA dataset. (D,E) GSEA of VERHAAK_GLIOBLASTOMA_MESENCHYMAL in (D) TCGA and (E) GCCA dataset; (F) Heatmap of MAN1C1 expression and clinical data in the Ivy GAP dataset; (G) MAN1C1 mRNA levels in various GBM regions as described in the IvyGAP dataset. (LE leading edge, IT infiltration tumor; CT cellular tumor, PNZ perinecrotic zone, PAN pseudopalisading cells around necrosis, HBV hyperplastic blood vessels, MVP microvascular proliferation); (H) Coronal tissue section H&E histology staining (arrow indicates perivascular and necrotic region); (I) Spatial clusters based on gene expression in the coronal tissue section; (J–P) SpatialFeaturePlot of (J) MAN1C1, mesenchymal genes (K) CD44, (L) CHI3L1, (M) SERPINE1, hypoxia genes (N) HIF1A and (N) HIF2A, and perivascular genes (O) ITGB1 and (P) VEGFA.