Table 3 Demographics and clinical characteristics of adult patients with schizophrenia spectrum disorders and adult healthy controls as well as adolescent patients with non-affective psychosis and adolescent healthy controls.

From: Caudate nucleus volume in medicated and unmedicated patients with early- and adult-onset schizophrenia

 

Patients

Healthy controls

 

Na

Mean (SD) or %

Na

Mean (SD) or %

P-valueb

Adult sample

 Sex (% females)

329

40.7

774

44.3

0.271

 Age (years)

329

31.1 (9.3)

774

34.3 (9.1)

< 0.001

 ICV (cm3)

329

1557.1 (179.2)

774

1562.9 (162.9)

0.600

 DOI (years)

329

7.9 (7.3)

   

 DUP (days)

232

140.8 (256.8)

   

 PANSS total score

324

60.8 (16.6)

   

 On antipsychotics (%)

329

89.4

   

 CPZ (mg/day)

291

362.2 (270.6)

   

Adolescent sample

 Sex (% females)

56

62.5

97

61.9

0.937

 Age (years)

56

16.3 (1.2)

97

16.2 (1.5)

0.743c

 ICV (cm3)

56

1506.3 (178.2)

97

1541.5 (148.6)

0.192

 DOI (years)

49

1.9 (1.8)

   

 DUP (days)

56

246.3 (317.6)

   

 PANSS total scored

36

73.2 (16.2)

   

 On antipsychotics (%)

51

70.6

   

 CPZ (mg/day)

51

227.9 (122.8)

   
  1. Group differences in sex distribution, age and estimated total intracranial volume (ICV) between patients and healthy controls are shown. For patients, the duration of illness (DOI), the duration of untreated psychosis (DUP), positive and negative syndrome scale (PANSS) total score, the percentage of patients on antipsychotics as well as the chlorpromazine equivalent doses (CPZ) among patients on antipsychotics are shown. P values < 0.05 shown in bold.
  2. aNumber of participants with data for each variable.
  3. bChi-square test or t-test.
  4. cMann-Whitney U test was also run due to unequal variances, and confirmed the t-test result (p = 0.943).
  5. dData only for the Norwegian sample.
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