Fig. 4 | Scientific Reports

Fig. 4

From: A combination of carbonates and Opuntia ficus-indica extract protects esophageal cells against simulated acidic and non-acidic reflux in vitro

Fig. 4

Kinetics of inflammatory cytokine induction by DCA. Short-term exposure of COLO-680 N to DCA 1000 µM prior to wash-out leads to a concentration- and exposure time-dependent induction of IL-6 mRNA (A) and IL-8 mRNA (B) (mRNA isolated at 4 h after wash-out). Means ± SD of 3 replicates per condition. *p < 0.05, **p < 0.01, **** p < 0.0001 assessed by two-way ANOVA, followed by Dunnett’s test vs. medium.

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