Fig. 6

Inhibition of the production of proinflammatory cytokines and metalloproteinases (MMPs) in the inflamed rectum by pravastatin (PRA). (a) The histograms present the mRNA expression of Tgfb, Ctgf, Col1a1, Tnfa, Mmp2, Mmp9, Mmp14, and Il1b relative to that of Gapdh in rectal tissues obtained from the control (n = 4) and PRA-treated groups (n = 4). The experiments were performed three times, and similar results were obtained. *P < 0.05, **P < 0.01, ***P < 0.001, and ****P < 0.0001 by an unpaired Student’s t-test.
(b) Multiplex assay of cytokine plasma concentrations in the control and PRA-treated groups (n = 8/group, pooled from three independent experiments). *P < 0.05 by an unpaired Student’s t-test. Data are presented as the mean ± SD.