Figure 1

Inhibition of glycogen phosphorylase stimulates memory formation of 20-22-month-old mice. (a) Schematic representation of the behavioral experiment performed during “Day 0” and after a single dose of BAY U6751 administration (“One Dose of BAY”), for more details, please see Materials and Methods, section Behavioral tests (b, c) objects exploration time during the familiarization session (Famil.) and the NOL and NOR test at Day 0 obtained for control young (b) and old mice (c), (d-f) objects exploration time during the familiarization session (d) and the NOL (e) and NOR test (f) after a single dose of BAY U6751. Analyzed groups: young control (Y-CTR), young BAY treated (Y-BAY), old control (O-CTR), and old BAY treated (O-BAY). Comparing the NOL test data for Day 0 (b, c) and for “One Dose of BAY” (e), we observed a significant increase in spatial orientation in O-BAY mice and significantly decreased spatial orientation in Y-BAY mice. In control groups, we observed preserved spatial orientation (Y-CTR and O-CTR). Comparing the NOR test data for Day 0 (b, c) and for “One Dose of BAY” (f), the novel object recognition ability was generally preserved in all groups. The number of subjects in each experimental group n = 7–10. Data are presented as mean ± SEM (Standard Error of the Mean). The statistically significant changes between groups are indicated (*p < 0.05; **p < 0.01; ***p < 0.001).