Figure 5

Box-and-whisker plots of the relative integration of significantly changed metabolites during aging and/or after BAY treatment in cortex. The cortex metabolome fingerprint underwent only a slight aging-related fluctuation, and among the 27 metabolites detected, only the fumarate titer was significantly reduced. Inhibition of glycogen breakdown with BAY significantly upregulated only AMP concentrations in old animals. Analyzed groups: young control (Y-CTR, n=8), young BAY-treated (Y-BAY, n=7), old control (O-CTR, n=6), old BAY-treated (O-BAY, n=7). The data in this figure is presented using Box and Whisker plots, where the box represents the interquartile range (IQR), showing the middle 50% of the data (from the first quartile, Q1, to the third quartile, Q3), the whiskers extend to the minimum and maximum values within the dataset, capturing the full range of the data, median value is indicated by a horizontal line within the box, providing a measure of central tendency, and mean is marked by a cross (“+”) within the box, offering additional insight into the central value, particularly for normally distributed data. Statistically significant changes between groups are indicated (*p < 0.05; **p < 0.01). Green arrows indicate the age-related decrease of relative concentrations, and red arrows indicate the BAY-induced increase of relative concentrations in old animals. The letters placed in a circle assign metabolites to specific metabolic pathways: E – energy pathways, S – signaling pathways, L – lipid pathways, and O – other pathways.