Fig. 1

Impact of low to moderate ethanol exposure on ApoE and LDL cholesterol levels in the brains of presymptomatic APP/PS1 mice. (A) Representative immunohistochemistry images of ApoE (green) and GFAP (red) co-staining in the brains of air-exposed and ethanol-exposed APP/PS1 mice. (B and C) ApoE IHC evaluation revealed reduced ApoE levels in the cortex (B) and hippocampus (C) compared to the air exposure group. (D and E) GFAP IHC evaluation showed decreased astrocyte activation in the cortex (D) and hippocampus (E) in the ethanol exposure compared to the air group. (F–H) and (J–L) Analysis of ApoE, LDL-cholesterol, and Total-cholesterol levels in the cortex and hippocampus by ELISA after low to moderate ethanol exposure. (F) ApoE level in the cortex, G) LDL-cholesterol level in the cortex, (H) Total cholesterol level in the cortex, (I) Correlation in the cortex, (J) ApoE level in the hippocampus, (K) LDL cholesterol level in the hippocampus, (L) Total cholesterol level in the hippocampus. (M) Correlation in the hippocampus. Data represent mean ± SEM; n = 10 per group. *P < 0.05 comparing each group. (B-I and K-N) Two-tailed Mann–Whitney test. (I and M) Spearman correlation analysis. Linear regression (solid line) and 95% confidence bands (shaded are) are shown. See Table S1 for full statistical information.