Table 2 Temporal trends in the prevalence of Pfdhfr and Pfdhps haplotypes in 2010–2012, 2018 and 2020 in Nanoro, Burkina Faso.

Pfdhfr

 Wild type

C₅₀N₅₁C₅₉S₁₀₈I₁₆₄

33.6 (94/280)

11.3 (27/238)

6.6 (15/227)

 Single mutant

CICSI

0.4 (1/280)

0 (0/238)

0 (0/227)

CNCNI

2.5 (7/280)

0.4 (1/238)

0 (0/227)

 Double mutant

CICNI

3.9 (11/280)

1.3 (3/238)

0 (0/227)

CIRSI

0.4 (1/280)

0 (0/238)

0 (0/227)

CNRNI

15.7 (44/280)

9.7 (23/238)

4.0 (9/227)

 Triple mutant

CIRNI

43.6 (122/280)

77.3 (184/238)

89.4 (203/227)

Pfdhps

 Wild type

I₄₃₁S₄₃₆A₄₃₇K₅₄₀A₅₈₁A₆₁₃

5.0 (14/280)

1.7 (4/236)

0 (0/216)

 Single mutant

IAAKAA

15.7 (44/280)

8.5 (20/236)

2.3 (5/216)

ISGKAA

30.4 (85/280)

30.5 (72/236)

30.6 (66/216)

ISAKAS

1.4 (4/280)

1.3 (3/236)

0.9 (2/216)

 Double mutant

IAAKAS

1.1 (3/280)

0.8 (2/236)

0 (0/216)

IFGKAA

0.4 (1/280)

0.4 (1/236)

0 (0/216)

IFAKAS

0.4 (1/280)

0.4 (1/236)

0.9 (2/216)

IAGKAA

40.4 (113/280)

47.0 (111/236)

49.5 (107/216)

ISGKAS

1.1 (3/280)

1.3 (3/236)

0 (0/216)

ISAKGS

0 (0/280)

0 (0/236)

0.9 (2/216)

 Triple mutant

IAAKGS

0 (0/280)

0.4 (1/236)

0 (0/216)

IAGKAS

4.3 (12/280)

7.2 (17/236)

9.3 (20/216)

IAGKGA

0 (0/280)

0 (0/236)

0.9 (2/216)

IFGKAS

0 (0/280)

0 (0/236)

0.5 (1/216)

 Quadruple mutant

IAGKGS

0 (0/280)

0 (0/236)

0.9 (2/216)

VAGKAS

0 (0/280)

0 (0/236)

0.5 (1/216)

 Quintuple mutant

VAGKGS

0 (0/280)

0.4 (1/236)

2.8 (6/216)

Pfdhfr/Pfdhps

 Quadruple mutant

IRN-436 A

26.8 (72/269)

50.6 (119/235)

60.2 (130/216)

IRN-437G

32.0 (86/269)

68.9 (162/235)

85.2 (184/216)

IRN-581G

0 (0/269)

0 (0/235)

5.6 (12/216)

 Quintuple mutant

IRN-436A437G

18.6 (50/269)

43.8 (103/235)

58.3 (126/216)

IRN-436A581G

0 (0/269)

0 (0/235)

4.6 (10/216)

IRN-437G581G

0 (0/269)

0 (0/235)

4.6 (10/216)

 Octuple mutant

CIRNI-VAGKGS

0 (0/269)

0 (0/235)

2.8 (6/216)

 Wild type

Wild Type

0.4 (1/269)

0.4 (1/235)

0 (0/216)