Table 1 Basic characteristics of 1,895 Japanese municipalities in average (SD), stratified by the quantile values of average nighttime light (NTL).
Overall | Q1 | Q2 | Q3 | Q4 | Q5 | p-for-trend | |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
COVID-19 mortality per 10,000 | 3.33 (3.47) | 3.54 (5.55) | 2.92 (2.97) | 3.05 (3.67) | 3.10 (1.85) | 4.03 (1.73) | < 0.01 |
Absorbing aerosol index (AAI) | -0.69 (0.13) | -0.75 (0.11) | -0.75 (0.10) | -0.73 (0.09) | -0.67 (0.08) | -0.52 (0.10) | < 0.01 |
Average temperature | 16.88 (2.74) | 15.94 (3.36) | 16.19 (2.95) | 16.57 (2.52) | 17.60 (2.11) | 18.10 (1.83) | < 0.01 |
Average humidity | 70.62 (3.60) | 71.99 (3.44) | 71.65 (3.39) | 70.81 (3.58) | 69.92 (3.52) | 68.71 (3.05) | < 0.01 |
Prop of residents aged < 15 | 0.33 (0.09) | 0.43 (0.09) | 0.38 (0.06) | 0.32 (0.06) | 0.28 (0.05) | 0.24 (0.04) | < 0.01 |
Prop of residents aged ≥ 65 | 0.12 (0.02) | 0.11 (0.03) | 0.12 (0.02) | 0.12 (0.02) | 0.13 (0.02) | 0.13 (0.02) | < 0.01 |
Average household taxable income (in 10 million Yen) | 37268.77 (107971.49) | 1266.69 (6734.15) | 3109.02 (6398.99) | 8716.64 (22227.85) | 23536.09 (44411.02) | 149715.41 (199264.00) | < 0.01 |
# of restaurants | 426.80 (806.07) | 67.83 (212.25) | 153.27 (210.52) | 301.20 (511.21) | 598.34 (919.49) | 1013.36 (1210.35) | < 0.01 |
Prop of single-person households | 0.33 (0.09) | 0.35 (0.08) | 0.30 (0.08) | 0.30 (0.08) | 0.30 (0.06) | 0.39 (0.10) | < 0.01 |
Prop of employees in tertiary industry | 0.31 (0.04) | 0.29 (0.05) | 0.30 (0.04) | 0.30 (0.05) | 0.31 (0.03) | 0.33 (0.03) | < 0.01 |
Population density (per km2) | 1886.46 (3262.88) | 193.33 (135.78) | 352.02 (224.25) | 638.26 (461.25) | 1413.43 (961.77) | 6883.01 (4511.24) | < 0.01 |
