Table 3 Free volatile phenol concentrations of the wines.

From: Using sensory and instrumental analysis to assess the impact of grape smoke exposure on different red wine varietals in California

Wine

Free_guaiacol

Free_4-methylguaiacol

Free_o-cresol

Free_phenol

Free_4-ethylguaiacol

Free_p-cresol

Free_m-cresol

Free_2,3-dimethoxyphenol

Free_4-ethylphenol

Free_syringol

Free_4-methylsyringol

DA 1

 20CS_A_ST

7.71 ± 0.33d

1.06 ± 0.06e

5.09 ± 0.19e

16.23 ± 0.53e

0.18 ± 0.00f

3.26 ± 0.19c

4.68 ± 0.21f

1.93 ± 0.08d

0.72 ± 0.03e

29.41 ± 0.46d

0.80 ± 0.07e

 20CS_B_ST

7.42 ± 0.01d

1.96 ± 0.01d

5.08 ± 0.00e

23.31 ± 0.06b

0.61 ± 0.00c

4.03 ± 0.02b

5.35 ± 0.01e

7.77 ± 0.02b

1.10 ± 0.00c

42.05 ± 0.88c

3.93 ± 0.01c

 20CS_C_ST

9.33 ± 0.04c

2.44 ± 0.02c

5.74 ± 0.02d

15.97 ± 0.05e

0.76 ± 0.00b

3.18 ± 0.01c

6.34 ± 0.05c

5.56 ± 0.02c

1.11 ± 0.01c

45.13 ± 0.49b

6.21 ± 0.03b

 20CS_D_ST

1.92 ± 0.03f

0.34 ± 0.00f

1.56 ± 0.02f

3.98 ± 0.03g

0.08 ± 0.00g

1.01 ± 0.01f

1.18 ± 0.01 g

0.45 ± 0.00e

0.11 ± 0.01 g

15.61 ± 1.27f

0.27 ± 0.01ef

 20CS_E_ST

33.20 ± 0.10b

5.59 ± 0.09b

20.93 ± 0.19b

72.42 ± 0.19a

0.44 ± 0.00d

16.7 ± 0.11a

22.17 ± 0.17b

19.05 ± 0.24a

2.92 ± 0.03a

18.85 ± 0.05e

1.80 ± 0.02d

 20CS_F_ST

2.37 ± 0.05ef

0.33 ± 0.01f

1.31 ± 0.04f

3.12 ± 0.12h

0.12 ± 0.02 g

0.94 ± 0.11fg

0.95 ± 0.03gh

0.00 ± 0.00f

0.12 ± 0.02 fg

18.53 ± 1.12e

0.20 ± 0.03f

 20CS_G_ST

9.77 ± 0.19c

1.85 ± 0.03d

6.41 ± 0.17c

18.60 ± 0.25d

0.32 ± 0.02e

2.84 ± 0.04d

5.78 ± 0.11d

5.58 ± 0.13c

0.68 ± 0.00e

12.51 ± 0.17g

1.52 ± 0.18d

 20CS_H_ST

2.49 ± 0.03e

0.30 ± 0.02fg

1.35 ± 0.04f

8.05 ± 0.18f

0.16 ± 0.00f

2.25 ± 0.16e

0.80 ± 0.04 h

0.12 ± 0.01f

0.78 ± 0.04d

16.04 ± 0.17f

0.28 ± 0.00ef

 21CS_I_NST

0.78 ± 0.02g

0.11 ± 0.00gh

0.56 ± 0.02g

2.92 ± 0.23h

0.02 ± 0.00h

0.79 ± 0.01g

0.43 ± 0.02i

0.00 ± 0.00f

0.16 ± 0.01f

11.35 ± 0.40g

0.00 ± 0.00f

 21CS_J_NST

0.79 ± 0.01g

0.10 ± 0.00h

0.62 ± 0.02g

1.65 ± 0.15i

0.00 ± 0.00h

0.40 ± 0.01h

0.46 ± 0.03i

0.00 ± 0.00f

0.16 ± 0.01f

8.01 ± 0.20h

0.00 ± 0.00f

 21CS_K_ST

81.45 ± 0.73a

31.47 ± 0.28a

22.31 ± 0.29a

20.52 ± 0.10c

5.49 ± 0.05a

0.37 ± 0.01h

34.76 ± 0.40a

0.00 ± 0.00f

2.65 ± 0.04b

138.9 ± 1.34a

77.57 ± 0.91a

DA 2

 20CF_A_ST

7.19 ± 0.35h

1.75 ± 0.13g

3.46 ± 0.14f

9.24 ± 0.31 g

0.09 ± 0.00g

4.34 ± 0.28c

3.78 ± 0.24d

0.02 ± 0.00f

0.86 ± 0.08e

38.63 ± 3.22d

0.42 ± 0.00e

 20CF_B_ST

14.02 ± 0.63e

5.15 ± 0.24c

6.82 ± 0.30c

26.70 ± 1.8b

1.05 ± 0.03b

10.15 ± 0.97a

11.79 ± 0.84a

0.16 ± 0.00e

2.18 ± 0.16a

55.10 ± 6.79c

3.71 ± 0.20a

 20CF_C_ST

2.34 ± 0.05i

0.32 ± 0.00hi

1.30 ± 0.04g

3.04 ± 0.04hi

0.10 ± 0.00 g

0.87 ± 0.00fg

0.94 ± 0.03e

0.00 ± 0.00f

0.10 ± 0.00 h

19.22 ± 0.69gh

0.04 ± 0.04fg

 20MA_D_ST

19.97 ± 0.68d

5.74 ± 0.11b

9.24 ± 0.29a

25.17 ± 0.52c

0.43 ± 0.01c

6.5 ± 0.22b

9.35 ± 0.20b

0.4 ± 0.01c

1.55 ± 0.04c

21.85 ± 0.78fg

0.92 ± 0.04c

 20ME_E_ST

1.61 ± 0.12j

0.14 ± 0.01i

0.53 ± 0.01i

1.90 ± 0.09i

0.10 ± 0.02g

0.51 ± 0.05 g

0.69 ± 0.02e

0.00 ± 0.00f

0.12 ± 0.00 h

27.09 ± 1.72ef

0.13 ± 0.00f

 20ME_F_ST

10.20 ± 0.13g

2.90 ± 0.02f

4.14 ± 0.05e

11.03 ± 0.14f

0.27 ± 0.01d

2.6 ± 0.03e

4.93 ± 0.03c

0.32 ± 0.01d

0.57 ± 0.01 g

7.62 ± 0.25i

0.70 ± 0.02d

 20PV_G_ST

25.31 ± 0.50c

4.13 ± 0.07e

5.79 ± 0.32d

12.88 ± 0.58e

0.25 ± 0.01d

3.47 ± 0.33d

5.34 ± 0.24c

2.09 ± 0.11a

0.70 ± 0.05f

108.26 ± 2.62a

0.72 ± 0.02d

 20PV_H_ST

47.27 ± 0.58a

14.06 ± 0.18a

9.23 ± 0.07a

21.71 ± 0.05d

1.72 ± 0.02a

4.76 ± 0.05c

11.26 ± 0.03a

1.91 ± 0.03b

1.70 ± 0.02b

81.84 ± 7.80b

2.98 ± 0.02b

 20SY_I_ST

34.56 ± 0.95b

4.63 ± 0.07d

8.82 ± 0.25b

33.62 ± 0.71a

0.21 ± 0.00e

5.93 ± 0.19b

9.53 ± 0.20b

0.41 ± 0.02c

1.27 ± 0.03d

29.29 ± 0.39e

0.88 ± 0.03c

 20ZN_J_ST

1.91 ± 0.08ij

0.34 ± 0.01h

0.28 ± 0.01i

3.88 ± 0.04 h

0.17 ± 0.01f

1.18 ± 0.08f

0.81 ± 0.04e

0.00 ± 0.00f

0.63 ± 0.03 fg

7.42 ± 0.20i

0.20 ± 0.00f

 21MA_K_NST

1.38 ± 0.02j

0.19 ± 0.00hi

0.52 ± 0.01i

2.49 ± 0.35i

0.03 ± 0.00h

0.57 ± 0.03fg

0.48 ± 0.01e

0.00 ± 0.00f

0.22 ± 0.00h

11.74 ± 0.28hi

0.00 ± 0.00g

 21SY_L_NST

12.23 ± 0.07f

0.15 ± 0.00i

0.91 ± 0.02 h

3.11 ± 0.13hi

0.00 ± 0.00h

0.84 ± 0.01fg

0.39 ± 0.01e

0.00 ± 0.00f

0.22 ± 0.01h

9.01 ± 0.03i

0.00 ± 0.00g

  1. All concentrations are in µg/L (n = 3).
  2. Fisher’s LSD was used to determine differences between each column for each DA across wines.