Table 1 Age, anthropometric, blood pressure and laboratory measurements from the study cohort, and low and high Body-Mass-Index (BMI) subgroups.
Measurement | Whole cohort n = 81 | Low BMI Subgroup n = 50 | High BMI Subgroup n = 31 | Low vs. high BMI P-value |
|---|---|---|---|---|
Age (years) | 8.2 (0.8) | 8.2 (0.8) | 8.2 (0.7) | 0.7 |
Anthropometric measurements | ||||
BMI (kg/m2) | 17.4 (3.5) | 15.3 (1.2) | 20.9 (3.1) | < 0.001 |
Waist circumference (cm) | 63.3 (10.0) | 57.1 (4.0) | 73.2 (8.8) | < 0.001 |
Waist/height ratio | 0.5 (0.1) | 0.5 (0.0) | 0.6 (0.1) | < 0.001 |
Metabolic health measurements | ||||
Systolic blood pressure (mmHg) | 99.0 (6.4) | 97.2 (5.7) | 102.0 (6.5) | < 0.001 |
Diastolic blood pressure (mmHg) | 61.0 (5.6) | 59.4 (4.9) | 63.7 (5.7) | 0.001 |
Glucose (mg/dL) | 85.7 (7.4) | 85.1 (7.6) | 86.6 (7.0) | 0.24 |
Fasting insulin (pg/mL) | 213.8 (209.6) | 165.8 (87.5) | 287.4 (304.5) | 0.025 |
HOMA-IR score | 1.3 (1.5) | 1.0 (0.5) | 1.9 (2.2) | 0.021 |
HbA1c (%) | 5.3 (0.3) | 5.3 (0.3) | 5.3 (0.3) | 0.38 |
Prediabetics (HbA1c 5.7–6.4%) | 9 (11%) | 3 (6.0%) | 6 (19%) | 0.079 |
Leptin (pg/mL) | 2,446.8 (2,940.8) | 1,033.3 (964.8) | 4,617.5 (3,592.4) | < 0.001 |
HDL (mg/dL) | 57 (26) | 63 (31) | 46 (12) | < 0.001 |
LDL (mg/dL) | 94 (23) | 88 (18) | 103 (27) | 0.008 |
Triglycerides (mg/dL) | 78.7 (74.1) | 57.1 (22.7) | 113.5 (108.5) | 0.003 |
Plasma liver biochemical tests | ||||
AST (U/L) | 29 (6) | 28 (6) | 32 (6) | 0.002 |
ALT (U/L) | 32 (15) | 28 (9) | 38 (21) | 0.008 |
ALP (U/L) | 288.6 (63.2) | 270.7 (58.1) | 316.8 (61.3) | 0.001 |
Direct bilirubin (mg/dL) | 0.10 (0.03) | 0.10 (0.03) | 0.09 (0.02) | 0.041 |
Total bilirubin (mg/dL) | 0.48 (0.16) | 0.51 (0.19) | 0.44 (0.09) | 0.15 |
