Table 5 Adsorption energies of CR adsorption over adsorbent surfaces in the presence of water.

From: Computational supported experimental insights in adsorption of Congo Red using ZnO/doped ZnO in aqueous solution

CR in Water

Total Energy

Adsorption Energy

Rigid Adsorption Energy

Deformation Energy

dEad/dNi

ZnO

− 1.117571 × 103

− 1.538923 × 103

− 1.751662 × 103

212.73899158

− 1.538923 × 103

Co-doped ZnO

− 1.623445 × 103

− 2.044797 × 103

− 2.428686 × 103

383.88873024

− 2.044797 × 103

La-doped ZnO

− 676.72702009

− 1.098078 × 103

− 1.098078 × 103

− 1.214175 × 10− 10

− 1.098078 × 103

Ce-doped ZnO

− 1.467659 × 103

− 1.889010 × 103

− 2.192599 × 103

303.58868569

− 1.889010 × 103