Table 9 EV penetration levels & overloading.
From: Analysis of multidimensional impacts of electric vehicles penetration in distribution networks
Ref | Country | Penetration | Peak load rise | Conclusions |
|---|---|---|---|---|
Sweden | 55% | Not specified | Peak power capacity is a limiting factor over network infrastructure which may cause problematic issues | |
California, USA | 23.9% | 10% | EV growth in California will lead to stresses on infrastructure leading to accelerated degradation of equipment | |
Western Kentucky, USA | 10% | 18% | Grid losses ranging between 40 to 62% during off-peak and peak charging periods. Distributed managed EV charging strategy was able to significantly reduce transformer overloading, thus reducing grid losses | |
Great Britain | 100% | 30% | The study shows that the GB transmission network can support 100% of domestic charging, with smart charging as a key solution for reducing the percentage of peak load to 9% | |
Tennessee, USA | 1.2% | Not specified | Multi-charger framework with V2G mitigates power grid stress during peak hours | |
Egypt | 50% | 20% | EV can serve up to 96 residential consumers. A fuzzy logic-based valley filling approach may be able to accommodate the EV penetration without peak demand surplus. However, there are challenges facing charging infrastructure | |
Maldives | 30% | 4.4% | Coordinated charging may lessen the generation capacity requirements to 1.8% which will consequently reduce feeder loading. However, there are challenges facing charging infrastructure | |
Rio de Janeiro- Brazil | 30% | 11% to 18% in winter and summer | EV can reach up to 2140 consumers. ToU and Real-Time Pricing (RTP) may reduce peak demand between 0.3% and 1.6% in summer, and between 8.9% and 2.6% in wintertime | |
France | 26% | 30% | EV is projected to serve around 24.4 million individuals in France. The study highlighted the importance of tariff-based, dynamic smart charging systems as well as the V2G operation modes. Ratio of EVs to charging points is challenging |
