Table 1 Effect of different priming techniques on the growth and yield of wheat crop.

From: Impact of different priming and sowing techniques in combination with different seed rates on wheat growth and yield

Parameters

Variety

T1

T2

T3

T4

T5

T6

T7

T8

CV(%)

Plant height (cm)

Israr Shaheed

94.1 ± 3.5 b

99.0 ± 5.6 ab

96.2 ± 4.0 ab

111.3 ± 6.5 a

89.8 ± 4.9 c

106.3 ± 9.4 ab

89.3 ± 3.7 c

101.2 ± 1.6 ab

5.6

Gomal

104.2 ± 1.2 cd

114.8 ± 4.9 b

102.7 ± 2.3 d

125.3 ± 5.2 a

101.7 ± 0.9 d

111.8 ± 11.9 bc

95.8 ± 1.2 e

104.8 ± 3.1 cd

4.8

Number of tillers (m-2)

Israr Shaheed

282.0 ± 19.8 d

310.8 ± 9.2 bc

298.7 ± 21.7 c

335.7 ± 20.7 a

289.2 ± 22.8 cd

328.5 ± 19.6 ab

277.0 ± 9.4 d

313.3 ± 4.7 bc

7.4

Gomal

297.3 ± 6.6 de

321.3 ± 17.4 bc

288.7 ± 1.4 e

345.0 ± 22.2 a

299.7 ± 4.2 cd

320.3 ± 9.9 bc

295.5 ± 9.2 de

312.0 ± 2.4 bcd

6.2

Spike length (cm)

Israr Shaheed

5.6 ± 1.0 c

6.5 ± 0.9 b

5.8 ± 0.3 c

8.6 ± 0.4 a

5.9 ± 0.1 c

7.6 ± 0.3 ab

5.4 ± 0.9 c

5.5 ± 0.1 c

10.3

Gomal

5.4 ± 0.4 d

6.6 ± 0.7 b

5.2 ± 0.1 d

7.6 ± 0.3 a

5.4 ± 0.4 d

6.1 ± 0.6 c

5.5 ± 0.4 d

5.8 ± 0.3 c

8.7

Number of spikelets (spike-1)

Israr Shaheed

18.5 ± 0.7 e

21.7 ± 0.9 d

18.3 ± 0.1 e

27.2 ± 0.7 a

20.5 ± 1.1 d

24.0 ± 0.9 b

20.0 ± 0.9 d

22.7 ± 0.9 c

9.2

Gomal

22.3 ± 1.9 d

25.0 ± 0.5 c

19.3 ± 0.9 e

31.0 ± 0.1 a

25.8 ± 0.7 c

30.0 ± 0.5 ab

23.0 ± 1.9 d

26.0 ± 0.9 bc

9.0

Number of grains (spike-1)

Israr Shaheed

24.3 ± 0.9 e

37.8 ± 0.2 c

26.0 ± 1.4 e

45.5 ± 0.02 a

35.7 ± 0.9 cd

40.8 ± 0.7 b

32.5 ± 0.7 d

38.3 ± 0.9 bc

11.1

Gomal

28.2 ± 2.6 e

41.3 ± 0.9 b

28.0 ± 0.5 e

48.7 ± 0.5 a

34.8 ± 4.0 cd

45.0 ± 0.4 ab

31.0 ± 3.3 de

33.7 ± 1.9 de

10.3

1000-grains weight (g)

Israr Shaheed

29.2 ± 0.2 e

35.7 ± 0.2 c

31.8 ± 0.5 d

32.5 ± 0.6 d

49.2 ± 0.1 a

32.2 ± 0.4 d

39.9 ± 1.1 b

32.6 ± 0.1 d

6.2

Gomal

32.2 ± 1.3 d

35.5 ± 1.9 c

35.6 ± 0.7 c

35.6 ± 3.5 c

42.3 ± 0.2 a

32.9 ± 0.6 d

34.2 ± 1.5 cd

36.4 ± 1.3 bc

4.9

Grain yield (t ha-1)

Israr Shaheed

2.7 ± 0.1 d

3.7 ± 0.1 b

2.0 ± 0.1 e

4.4 ± 0.1 a

3.5 ± 0.1 bc

4.1 ± 0.1 a

3.2 ± 0.1 cd

3.8 ± 0.1 b

9.3

Gomal

2.9 ± 0.1 d

3.8 ± 0.1 b

3.2 ± 0.3 cd

4.6 ± 0.1 a

3.7 ± 0.1 b

4.4 ± 0.2 a

3.3 ± 0.1 c

3.7 ± 0.1 b

7.1

Biological yield (t ha-1)

Israr Shaheed

8.8 ± 0.3 e

10.9 ± 0.5 bc

10.4 ± 0.4 cd

11.8 ± 0.4 a

10.5 ± 0.6 cd

11.6 ± 0.2 ab

11.5 ± 0.2 ab

12.4 ± 0.8 a

7.5

Gomal

9.3 ± 0.1 e

11.5 ± 0.1 bc

11.4 ± 0.5 bc

11.3 ± 0.5 bc

11.4 ± 0.5 bc

11.3 ± 0.3 bc

9.7 ± 0.2 d

11.8 ± 0.7 ab

5.9

Harvest index (%)

Israr Shaheed

31.1 ± 0.6 cd

34.4 ± 2.4 bc

27.7 ± 0.2 e

38.7 ± 2.3 a

33.2 ± 1.5 bc

36.0 ± 0.9 ab

28.4 ± 0.1 de

32.4 ± 0.2 c

9.2

Gomal

31.9 ± 0.8 cd

34.1 ± 0.3 bc

27.9 ± 1.5 e

41.5 ± 2.6 a

32.7 ± 2.7 c

39.9 ± 0.4 ab

34.2 ± 1.4 bc

31.9 ± 1.9 cd

8.3

  1. *Different letters in each row indicate significant differences among treatments at P < 0.05.
  2. T1: Control, T2: Tap water (primed for 2 hours), T3: Sewage water (primed for 3 hours), T4: Farmyard manure (primed for 6 hours), T5: Compost manure (primed for 8 hours), T6: Poultry manure (primed for 8 hours), T7: Pressed mud (primed for 12 hours) and T8: Sodium chloride.
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