Table 1 The result of MLEFA on the two factors Persian version of Tampa Scale for Kinesiophobia (n = 200).

Fear and avoidance of pain-related injuries

TSK₁₁. I wouldn’t have this much pain if there weren’t something potentially dangerous going on in my body

0.958

0.881

7.51

44.17

α = 0.973

Ω = 0.975

TSK₉. I am afraid that I might injure myself accidentally

0.948

0.857

TSK₁₀. Simply being careful that I do not make any unnecessary movements is the safest thing I can do to prevent my pain from worsening

0.932

0.849

TSK₁₅. I can’t do all the things normal people do because it’s too easy for me to get injured

0.930

0.814

TSK₇. Pain always means I have injured my body

0.928

0.828

TSK₁₃. Pain lets me know when to stop exercising so that I don’t injure myself

0.891

0.821

TSK₁₄. It’s really not safe for a person with a condition like mine to be physically active

0.888

0.850

TSK₆. My accident has put my body at risk for the rest of my life

0.796

0.514

TSK₅. People aren’t taking my medical condition seriously enough

0.794

0.644

TSK₃. My body is telling me I have something dangerously wrong

0.776

0.793

TSK₂. If I were to try to overcome it, my pain would increase

0.754

0.783

TSK₁. I’m afraid that I might injury myself if I exercise

0.671

0.707

TSK₁₇. No one should have to exercise when he/she is in pain

0.448

0.430

Perception of pain and physical activity

TSK₁₂. Although my condition is painful, I would be better off if I were physically active

− 0.953

0.853

2.74

16.11

α = 0.896

Ω = 0.896

TSK₁₆. Even though something is causing me a lot of pain, I don’t think it’s actually dangerous

− 0.800

0.632

TSK. My pain would probably be relieved if I were to exercise

− 0.785

0.674

TSK. Just because something aggravates my pain does not mean it is dangerous

− 0.779

0.580