Table 1 Individual and household characteristics by pf infection status and by season.
Characteristic | Rainy season (April /May 2014) (N = 3,003) | Dry season (Sept/Oct 2014) (N = 3,253) | ||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
N = 3,0031 | Pf infection, N = 5941 | No Pf infection, N = 2,4091 | p-value* | N = 3,2531 | Pf infection, N = 4211 | No Pf infection, N = 2,8321 | p-value* | |
District | < 0.001 | < 0.001 | ||||||
Blantyre | 998 (33.2%) | 85 (8.5%) | 913 (91.5%) | 1,050 (32.3%) | 56 (5.3%) | 994 (94.7%) | ||
Chikhwawa | 1,043 (34.7%) | 361 (34.6%) | 682 (65.4%) | 1,173 (36.1%) | 261 (22.3%) | 912 (77.7%) | ||
Thyolo | 962 (32.0%) | 148 (15.4%) | 814 (84.6%) | 1,030 (31.7%) | 104 (10.1%) | 926 (89.9%) | ||
Age of participant | < 0.001 | < 0.001 | ||||||
16+ | 1,339 (44.7%) | 232 (17.3%) | 1,107 (82.7%) | 1,379 (42.5%) | 125 (9.1%) | 1,254 (90.9%) | ||
5–15 | 1,106 (36.9%) | 268 (24.2%) | 838 (75.8%) | 1,272 (39.2%) | 235 (18.5%) | 1,037 (81.5%) | ||
under 5 | 552 (18.4%) | 94 (17.0%) | 458 (83.0%) | 595 (18.3%) | 60 (10.1%) | 535 (89.9%) | ||
Sex of the participant | 0.326 | 0.011 | ||||||
Female | 1,835 (61.2%) | 353 (19.2%) | 1,482 (80.8%) | 1,977 (60.9%) | 231 (11.7%) | 1,746 (88.3%) | ||
Male | 1,164 (38.8%) | 241 (20.7%) | 923 (79.3%) | 1,271 (39.1%) | 189 (14.9%) | 1,082 (85.1%) | ||
Household head education attainment | < 0.001 | < 0.001 | ||||||
None | 605 (20.2%) | 172 (28.4%) | 433 (71.6%) | 601 (18.6%) | 109 (18.1%) | 492 (81.9%) | ||
Primary | 1,668 (55.8%) | 332 (19.9%) | 1,336 (80.1%) | 1,896 (58.7%) | 267 (14.1%) | 1,629 (85.9%) | ||
Secondary or higher | 715 (23.9%) | 85 (11.9%) | 630 (88.1%) | 731 (22.6%) | 41 (5.6%) | 690 (94.4%) | ||
Household size | 4.6 (1.8) | 4.8 (1.6) | 4.6 (1.8) | 0.015 | 4.8 (1.7) | 4.9 (1.7) | 4.7 (1.7) | 0.040 |
Fever in the last 48 h | ||||||||
No | 2779 (92.5%) | 518 (18.6%) | 2261 (81.4%) | < 0.001 | 3129 (96.2%) | 398 (12.7%) | 2731 (87.3%) | 0.067 |
Yes | 224 (7.5%) | 76 (33.9%) | 148 (66.1%) | 124 (3.8%) | 23 (18.5%) | 101 (81.5%) | ||
Socioeconomic strata | < 0.001 | < 0.001 | ||||||
Lower | 1,223 (40.7%) | 311 (25.4%) | 912 (74.6%) | 1,177 (36.2%) | 200 (17.0%) | 977 (83.0%) | ||
Middle | 1,194 (39.8%) | 218 (18.3%) | 976 (81.7%) | 1,455 (44.7%) | 195 (13.4%) | 1,260 (86.6%) | ||
High | 586 (19.5%) | 65 (11.1%) | 521 (88.9%) | 621 (19.1%) | 26 (4.2%) | 595 (95.8%) | ||
Housing quality | < 0.001 | < 0.001 | ||||||
Low | 1,364 (45.4%) | 379 (27.8%) | 985 (72.2%) | 1,507 (46.3%) | 274 (18.2%) | 1,233 (81.8%) | ||
High | 1,639 (54.6%) | 215 (13.1%) | 1,424 (86.9%) | 1,746 (53.7%) | 147 (8.4%) | 1,599 (91.6%) | ||
Food security | 0.015 | 0.391 | ||||||
Insecure | 493 (16.4%) | 118 (23.9%) | 375 (76.1%) | 403 (12.6%) | 57 (14.1%) | 346 (85.9%) | ||
Secure | 2,509 (83.6%) | 476 (19.0%) | 2,033 (81.0%) | 2,798 (87.4%) | 353 (12.6%) | 2,445 (87.4%) | ||
Household owns LLIN(s) | 0.132 | < 0.001 | ||||||
No | 487 (16.2%) | 109 (22.4%) | 378 (77.6%) | 877 (27.0%) | 151 (17.2%) | 726 (82.8%) | ||
Yes | 2,516 (83.8%) | 485 (19.3%) | 2,031 (80.7%) | 2,376 (73.0%) | 270 (11.4%) | 2,106 (88.6%) | ||
At most 2 persons share a LLIN | < 0.001 | < 0.001 | ||||||
No | 2,201 (73.3%) | 475(21.6%) | 1,726 (78.4%) | 2584 (79.4%) | 365 (14.1%) | 2,219 (85.9%) | ||
Yes | 802 (26.7%) | 119 (14.8%) | 683 (85.2%) | 669 (20.6%) | 56 (8.4%) | 613 (91.6%) | ||
Slept in a LLIN the previous night | 0.132 | < 0.001 | ||||||
No | 1,056 (35.2%) | 225 (21.3%) | 831 (78.7%) | 1,863 (57.3%) | 302 (16.2%) | 1,561 (83.8%) | ||
Yes | 1,947 (64.8%) | 369 (19.0%) | 1,578 (81.0%) | 1,390 (42.7%) | 119 (8.6%) | 1,271 (91.4%) | ||
Nutrition (Anemia status)3 | < 0.001 | < 0.001 | ||||||
Anaemia | 876 (54.5%) | 237 (27.1%) | 639 (72.9%) | 921 (50.0%) | 175 (19.0%) | 746 (81.0%) | ||
No Anaemia | 730 (45.5%) | 104 (14.2%) | 626 (85.8%) | 920 (50.0%) | 114 (12.4%) | 806 (87.6%) | ||
