Fig. 5 | Scientific Reports

Fig. 5

From: Major alteration of lung microbiome and the host responses in critically ill COVID-19 patients with high viral load

Fig. 5

Plasma-neutralizing antibody titers and inflammatory effectors are differentially regulated during COVID-19 associated VAP. (A) pNT50 values against the four SARS-CoV-2 pseudo-viral variants Beta, Gamma, Delta, and Omicron BA.1 and BA.2 and the control early 2020 strain with the D614 mutation. They were measured in samples collected from COVID-19 patients who developed VAP and those who did not (NO VAP). (B) Cytokine and chemokine changes in serum (pg per mL). Mann-Whitney test was used to calculate the p-value. Asterisks denote the level of significance observed: * = p ≤ 0.05; ** = p ≤ 0.01; *** = p ≤ 0.001.

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