Table 3 Isotherm variables for MB photodegradation by CuO, and CuO-OP.

From: Eco-friendly fabrication of copper oxide nanoparticles using peel extract of Citrus aurantium for the efficient degradation of methylene blue dye

Isotherm type

Variable

CuO

CuO-OP

Langmuir

Qmax

225.73

157.23

KL

0.027

0.065

RL (L mg −1)

0.268

0.134

R2

0.96

0.95

Freundlich

N

1.024

1.110

Kf mg g −1 (Lg −1) 1/n

5.6

10.18

R2

0.97

0.96

D–R

Qmax

51.52

54.22

E (KJ mol−1)

707.11

912.87

Kad

1 × 10− 6

6 × 10− 7

R2

0.72

0.72

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