Table 2 The reduction of 4-nitrotoluene under optimization reaction status.

From: Magnetic nickel nanoparticle catalyst on β-cyclodextrin-modified Fe3O4 for nitroarene hydrogenation

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Entry

Ni@β-CD@Fe3O4NPs

Reducing agents

Solvent

Yield (%)a

1

1.5

NaBH4

DMF

4

2

1.5

NaBH4

THF

5

3

1.5

NaBH4

Toluene

3

4

1.5

NaBH4

DMSO

7

5

1.5

NaBH4

Dichloromethane

6

6

1.5

NaBH4

1,4-Dioxane

8

7

1.5

NaBH4

Ethyl acetate

43

8

1.5

NaBH4

PEG200

18

9

1.5

NaBH4

EtOH

71

10

1.5

NaBH4

Acetone

65

11

1.5

NaBH4

MeOH

35

12

1.5

NaBH4

H2O

100

13

1.5

Isopropyl alcohol

H2O

48

14

1.5

Ammonium formate

H2O

N.R

15

1.5

Glycerol

H2O

Trace

16

1.5

Hydrazine

H2O

N.R

17

1

NaBH4

H2O

42

  1. Reaction conditions: Nitroarene (0.2 mmol), Ni@β-CD@Fe3O4 NPs (15 mg, 1.5 mol% of Ni), solvent (1 mL), and NaBH4 (0.8 mmol) at 25 ℃.
  2. a GC yields.
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