Table 2 FT-IR spectral data of G-cement and GONF-cement.

O–H from Ca(OH)₂

~ 3645

Symmetric and asymmetric stretching vibrations (v₁ and v₃) of O–H from water

~ 3440

In-plane bending (v₂) of O–H from water

~ 1645

v₃ of SO₄^2- from ettringite (AFt)

~ 1110

v₃ of Si–O

~ 920 ~ 980

Out-of-plane bending (v₄) of Si–O

~ 526

v₂ of Si–O

~ 456

CO₃^2- from CaCO₃

~ 875, 1420, 1480