Fig. 8

Structural equation model (SEM) with the direct and indirect effects of different saline-alkaline soils on bacterial and fungal community changes. Adjacent number that is labeled in the same direction as the arrow represents path coefficients and the width of the arrow is in proportion to the degree of path coefficients. The solid line represents the positive correlation, and the dashed line shows the negative correlation. Significance levels are denoted with *P < 0.05, **P < 0.01, ***P < 0.001. Standardized total effects (direct plus indirect effects) calculated by the SEMs (A) are displayed in B respectively. The available nitrogen (AN), available phosphorus (AP), available potassium (AK), soil organic matter (SOM).