Table 4 Overshoot and undershoot characteristics of the PWM signal.

From: Application of component failure physics for the reliability assessment of an autonomous braking system

 

Time Period

Frequency (Hz)

Overshoot

Undershoot

 

Micro

Second

 

Actual Overshoot (volt)

V_maximum

(volt)

Actual Overshoot (volt)

V_minimum

(volt)

Week 0

2038.00

490.70

0.32

4.80

0.32

−0.08

Week 1

2042.00

489.70

0.48

5.36

0.96

−0.88

Week 2

2041.00

490.00

2.88

5.60

1.36

−1.12

Week 3

2040.40

490.10

2.96

7.80

3.20

−3.04