Fig. 1

Preparation of cell-laden constructs using decellularized amniotic membrane (dAM) bioink. (a) Processing cell-laden bioinks by mixing human dermal fibroblast (HDF) cells with neutralized dAM hydrogel to prepare a printable bioink. (b) 3D bioprinting of the desired pattern using dAM bioink. (c) Self-assembly of collagen fibers to provide thermosensitive response to dAM bioinks for thermal crosslinking (at 37˚C) of 3D bioprinted constructs. (d) In vitro culture of bioprinted tissue-engineered constructs (TECs) in culture medium. (e) Morphological changes of HDF cells encapsulated in dAM bioinks in response to dAM concentration. Schemes were generated using Servier Medical Art licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0.