Table 1 Baseline characteristics of the study population.

From: Association between non-high-density lipoprotein cholesterol to high-density lipoprotein cholesterol ratio and sarcopenia based on NHANES

Characteristic

Overall

Non-Sarcopenia

Sarcopenia

P-value

n

10,087

9187

900

 

Age (%)

   

< 0.001

 < 40

5197 (51.5)

4870 (53.0)

327 (36.3)

 

 > 40

4890 (48.5)

4317 (47.0)

573 (63.7)

 

Sex (%)

   

1

 Female

5131 (50.9)

4673 (50.9)

458 (50.9)

 

 Male

4956 (49.1)

4514 (49.1)

442 (49.1)

 

Race (%)

   

< 0.001

 Mexican American

1527 (15.1)

1211 (13.2)

316 (35.1)

 

 Non-Hispanic black

2061 (20.4)

2007 (21.8)

54 (6.0)

 

 Non-Hispanic white

3521 (34.9)

3285 (35.8)

236 (26.2)

 

 Others

2978 (29.5)

2684 (29.2)

294 (32.7)

 

Education level (%)

   

< 0.001

 Under high school

1843 (18.3)

1550 (16.9)

293 (32.6)

 

 High school or equivalent

2167 (21.5)

1939 (21.1)

228 (25.3)

 

 Above high school

6075 (60.2)

5696 (62.0)

379 (42.1)

 

 No record

2 (0.0)

2 (0.0)

0 (0.0)

 

PIR (%)

   

< 0.001

 < 1

1968 (21.4)

1742 (20.8)

226 (27.9)

 

 1–3

3722 (40.4)

3361 (40.0)

361 (44.6)

 

 > 3

3514 (38.2)

3292 (39.2)

222 (27.4)

 

Activity Status (%)

   

< 0.001

 Active

6161 (61.1)

5726 (62.3)

435 (48.3)

 

 Inactive

3926 (38.9)

3461 (37.7)

465 (51.7)

 

Smoke (%)

   

0.119

 No

6100 (60.5)

5528 (60.2)

572 (63.6)

 

 Yes

3983 (39.5)

3655 (39.8)

328 (36.4)

 

 No record

4 (0.0)

4 (0.0)

0 (0.0)

 

Diabate (%)

   

< 0.001

 No

9128 (90.5)

8405 (91.5)

723 (80.3)

 

 Yes

761 (7.5)

617 (6.7)

144 (16.0)

 

 No record

198 (2.0)

165 (1.8)

33 (3.7)

 

CAD (%)

   

< 0.001

 No

9685 (96.0)

8851 (96.3)

834 (92.7)

 

 Yes

402 (4.0)

336 (3.7)

66 (7.3)

 

CKD (%)

   

0.002

 No

9894 (98.1)

9024 (98.2)

870 (96.7)

 

 Yes

187 (1.9)

157 (1.7)

30 (3.3)

 

 No record

6 (0.1)

6 (0.1)

0 (0.0)

 

Hypertension (%)

   

< 0.001

 No

7658 (75.9)

7045 (76.7)

613 (68.1)

 

 Yes

2420 (24.0)

2136 (23.3)

284 (31.6)

 

 No record

9 (0.1)

6 (0.1)

3 (0.3)

 

TC (mean (SD))

4.95 (1.05)

4.93 (1.05)

5.09 (1.10)

< 0.001

HDL (mean (SD))

1.35 (0.40)

1.36 (0.40)

1.24 (0.34)

< 0.001

NHHR (mean (SD))

2.97 (1.53)

2.93 (1.49)

3.42 (1.77)

< 0.001

BMI (mean (SD))

28.93 (6.77)

28.40 (6.42)

34.32 (7.85)

< 0.001

ASM (mean (SD))

22.76 (6.40)

22.97 (6.37)

20.63 (6.29)

< 0.001

SMI (mean (SD))

0.80 (0.20)

0.82 (0.20)

0.60 (0.14)

< 0.001

  1. Mean (SD) for continuous variables, % for categorical variables. ASM: appendicular skeletal muscle; BMI: Body Mass Index; CAD: Coronary Artery Disease; CKD: Chronic Kidney Disease; HDL: High-density lipoprotein cholesterol; NHHR: Non-high-density lipoprotein cholesterol to high-density lipoprotein cholesterol ratio; TC: Total cholesterol; SMI: Skeletal Muscle Index.
Back to article page