Table 8 The performance after removing the deep learning module.

From: Information extraction from green channel textual records on expressways using hybrid deep learning

Model

BERT-CRF

ALBERT-CRF

RoBERTa-CRF

Precision

Recall

F1 (%)

Precision

Recall

F1 (%)

Precision

Recall

F1 (%)

Cheating

82.56%

93.42%

87.65

37.62%

50.00%

42.94

96.10%

97.37%

96.73

Mixed

98.50%

99.85%

99.17

95.38%

97.26%

96.31

100.00%

100.00%

100

Out-listed

92.90%

97.52%

95.15

76.71%

86.54%

81.33

97.05%

98.95%

97.99

Not fresh

80.28%

90.48%

85.07

64.00%

76.19%

69.57

89.23%

92.06%

90.62

Frozen

84.80%

80.30%

82.49

64.75%

68.18%

66.42

82.11%

76.52%

79.22

Spoilage

88.19%

95.73%

91.80

66.90%

82.91%

74.05

91.13%

96.58%

93.78

Over-loading

97.67%

98.88%

98.27

87.03%

91.13%

89.04

99.89%

100.00%

99.94

Deep-processing

75.48%

79.60%

77.48

55.56%

66.09%

60.37

83.38%

85.06%

84.21

F

89.64

72.50

92.81